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GCSE PE > Theory > Flashcards

Theory Flashcards

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1
Q

7 benefits of taking part in physical activity?

A 
Increase fitness
To feel good
Relieve stress and tension 
Increase self esteem and confidence 
Improve health
Enjoyment
Mental challenge
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2
Q

5 reasons for taking part in physical education?

A 
Cooperation
Competition
Physical challenge
Aesthetic appreciation
Development of friendships and social mixing
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3
Q

6 influences on taking part

A 
People
Image
Cultural factors
Resources
Health and wellbeing
Socio-economic
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4
Q

Opportunities for getting involved

A

Volunteer

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5
Q

Sports participation pyramid

A

Foundation
Participation
Performance
Elite/Excellence

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6
Q

What is the relationship between excise, health, fitness and performance?

A

EXERCISE improves HEALTH and develops FITNESS which enhances PERFORMANCE

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7
Q

5 components of health-related exercise

A 
Cardiovascular fitness
Muscular strength
Muscular endurance
Flexibility
Body composition
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8
Q

6 components of skill-related fitness

A 
Balance
Power
Coordination
Agility
Reaction Time
Speed
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9
Q

What does PAR-Q stand for? And why is it needed?

A

Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire

Used to ensure you are ready and able to complete exercise

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10
Q

Health -related fitness tests

A

Coopers Run-CF and ME
Hand Grip Strength Test-MS
Sit and Reach-F
Harvard Step Test-CE and ME

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11
Q

Skill -related fitness tests and the component they test

A 
Illinois Run-A
Standing Stork Test-B
Sergeant Jump Test-P
Standing Broad Jump-P
Ruler drop Test-RT
30 meter Sprint-S
Alternate hand wall throw-C
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12
Q

The principles of training

SPORRI

A

Specificity
Progressive Overload
Rest and Recovery
Individual needs

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13
Q

The FITT principle

A

Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type

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14
Q

SMART goals

A 
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Time bound
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15
Q

6 methods of training

The type of the FITT principle

A 
Interval
Continuous
Fartlek
Circuit
Weight
Cross
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16
Q

4 reasons for a warm-up

A

Prevent injury
Improve performance
Practice skills
Prepare psychologically

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17
Q

3 stages of a warm-up

A

Cardiovascular
Stretching-static and/or dynamic
Specific skills practice

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18
Q

The main activity of an exercise session

A

Usually uses one of the methods of training

Could be a training match, competition or fitness session

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19
Q

Th cool down of an exercise session

A

Gradually returns the body to normal resting heart rate and temperature
Disperse lactic acid and toxins- prevent stiffness and soreness in the muscles
Gentle jogging followed by stretches

20
Q

Why is it important to analyse training results?

A

To monitor ability and improvements-to show whether the exercise sessions are having an effect

Required terms-heart rate, resting heart rate, working heart rate, maximum heart rate, target heart rate/target zones, recovery rate.

Often graphs are used to demonstrate results

21
Q

Define a healthy, active lifestyle

A

A lifestyle that contributes positively to physical, mental and social well being, and includes regular exercise and physical activity

22
Q

The 3 categories of a healthy, active lifestyle?

A

Physical
Mental
Social

23
Q

How do people influence taking part in sport?

A

Family-children will often do the same as parents
Friends- to join with peers
Role models- following the sport of someone who inspires you

24
Q

How does image affect taking part in sport?

A

Fashion- brands that supply the equipment vary in popularity

Media- coverage of sports increases the popularity of the sport.

25
Q

How do cultural factors influence participation in sport?

A

Disability- resources and opportunities available

Age- competitions may have age restrictions. Age can affect performance and other factors influencing the person.

Gender- opportunities may favor one gender over the other in certain sports. Public perception of an activity can be a problem

Race- ethnic background may influence their choice of sport.

26
Q

How does resources influence activity participation?

A

Availability- facilities and resources must be available to people

Location- if resources are not locally available it will affect whether people are able to take part

Access- if facilities are not easily accessible people will not take part

Time

27
Q

How do socio-economic factors influence participation in physical activity?

A

Cost- if people can not afford to take part socio-economic status has influenced their involvement

Status- a persons current situation or position in society. May influence the time they have available and the type of sport they chose

28
Q

Explain the foundation base of the sports participation pyramid

A

Learning/experiencing stage
PE lessons
Sport centres multi sport sessions

29
Q

Explain the participation phase of the sports participation pyramid

A

Participation is regular in a specific activity for enjoyment
Involvement in sports clubs

30
Q

Explain the performance phase of the sports participation pyramid

A

Concentrate on sport specific skills

Quality coaching is essential-clubs

31
Q

Explain the elite phase of the sports participation pyramid

A

Reach sporting excellence

Governing bodies are responsible for development

32
Q

Define the term HEALTH

A

HEALTH is a state of complete mental, physical and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.

33
Q

Define the term EXERCISE

A

EXERCISE is the form of physical activity which maintains or improves health and/or physical fitness

34
Q

Define the term FITNESS

A

FITNESS is the ability to meet the demands of the environment

35
Q

Define the term PERFORMANCE

A

PERFORMANCE is how well a task is completed

36
Q

Define the term CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS

A

CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS is the ability to exercise the entire body for long periods of time

It is fitness of the heart, lungs and blood vessels to supply the muscles with oxygen. To take part without fatigue

37
Q

Define the term MUSCULAR STRENGTH

A

MUSCULAR STRENGTH is the amount of force a muscle can exert against a resistance

Enables the lifting of heavy weights

38
Q

Define the term MUSCULAR ENDURANCE

A

MUSCULAR ENDURANCE is the ability to use the voluntary muscles many times without getting tired

To allow muscles to be used for a long time

39
Q

Define the term FLEXIBILITY

A

FLEXIBILITY is the range of movement available at a joint

40
Q

Define the term BODY COMPOSITION

A

BODY COMPOSITION is the percentage of body weight that is fat, muscle and bone

Influenced by genetics and improved through exercise and diet.

Body Mass Index is the easiest way to give an indication of body composition. Calculated by dividing weight in KG by height M2 and compared against a table. It does not always give a true indication as weight of muscle is not taken into account-muscle weighs more than fat

41
Q

Define the term AGILITY

A

AGILITY is the ability to change the position of the body quickly with control of the whole body

Changing direction at speed

42
Q

Define the term BALANCE

A

BALANCE is the ability to retain the centre of mass (gravity) of the body above the base of support with reference to static (stationary) or dynamic (changing) conditions of movement, shape and orientation.

Holding the body position while at rest or while moving

43
Q

Devein the term COORDINATION

A

COORDINATION is the ability to use two or more body parts together

Hand eye coordination 
Foot eye coordination 
Head eye
Chest eye
Thigh eye

You are probably better coordination on one side of your body than the other

44
Q

Define the term POWER

A

POWER is the ability to undertake strength performance quickly. Power=strength X speed

45
Q

Define the term REACTION TIME

A

REACTION TIME is the time between the presentation of a stimulus and the onset of movement

Stimulus-sight or sound-sound of a start gun in a race. Sight of a ball being stuck or passed

46
Q

Define the term SPEED

A

SPEED is the differential rate at which an individual is able to perform a movement or cover a distance in a period of time

How quickly you move over a certain distance (leg speed), complete a movement (hand speed eg boxer)

47
Q

Explain the term SPECIFICITY in relation to the principles of training (SPORRI)

A

Matching training to the requirements of the activity

Eg footballers need cardiovascular fitness and speed and goal keepers will also focus on agility and reaction time

GCSE PE (3 decks)

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