Theory Flashcards
What does RFID stand for?
Radio-Frequency Identification
A technology that uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects.
What are the main components of RFID technology?
A tag and a reader
The tag has an embedded chip and antenna, while the reader detects the tag.
What is the definition of data storage capacity?
The amount of data a storage device can hold, usually measured in bytes
Common units include MB, GB, and TB.
What is ROM?
Read-Only Memory
A type of non-volatile memory that stores crucial information needed to boot the computer.
What are the key features of ROM?
- Retains data when powered off
- Not easily modified by the user
Ensures that critical boot data remains secure.
What is the function of RAM?
Temporarily stores data that is actively being used or processed
Allows for quick read and write access.
What does CPU stand for?
Central Processing Unit
The primary component responsible for executing instructions from programs.
What is a memory card reader?
A device that allows users to read and write data to and from memory cards
Commonly used in cameras and smartphones.
What is the role of the PSU in a computer?
Converts electrical power from an outlet into usable power for the computer’s internal components
Provides necessary voltage and current for operation.
List three functions of an Operating System (OS).
- Hardware Management
- User Interface
- Resource Allocation
Examples include Windows OS, macOS, Linux.
What is the difference between application software and system software?
- Application Software: Designed for specific user tasks
- System Software: Maintains basic functions of a computer
System software acts as a bridge between hardware and applications.
What are the benefits of cloud software in schools?
- Scalability
- Accessibility
- Cost Efficiency
Reduces the need for physical storage and maintenance.
What is a hot swappable device?
A device that can be inserted or removed without turning off the computer
Examples include USB devices and external hard drives.
What is a terabyte (TB)?
A unit of digital information storage equal to 1,024 gigabytes
Commonly used to measure the capacity of large storage devices.
Define RSI.
Repetitive Strain Injury
A condition resulting from repetitive movements, often affecting hands, wrists, and arms.
What are some common causes of RSI?
- Typing
- Using a mouse
- Playing musical instruments
Particularly in computer users who do not follow ergonomic guidelines.
What is a personal computer (PC)?
A versatile computing device designed for individual use
Can be used for various tasks including word processing and gaming.
What does EULA stand for?
End User License Agreement
A legal contract outlining the terms and conditions under which software can be used.
What is an accelerometer?
A sensor that measures acceleration forces acting on an object
Commonly used in mobile devices for various applications.
What is a file path?
A string that specifies the location of a file or folder within a file system
It indicates the route to access the file.
What is source code?
The human-readable set of instructions written in a programming language
It defines the functionality and behavior of a software program.
Define proprietary software.
Software owned by a specific individual or organization
Typically not freely available for public use or distribution.
What is a Local Area Network (LAN)?
A network covering a small geographic area, such as a single building
Connects computers and devices for resource sharing.
What is a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)?
A LAN that uses wireless technology to connect devices
Provides mobility and flexibility by eliminating the need for physical cables.
What does PAN stand for?
Personal Area Network
A small network covering a very limited range.
What is a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)?
A network that covers a larger geographic area than a LAN but smaller than a WAN
Typically connects multiple LANs in nearby locations.
What does WAN stand for?
Wide Area Network
A network that spans a large geographic area, often connecting cities or countries.
Define data synchronization.
The process of ensuring data consistency across multiple devices or locations
Vital for data accuracy and accessibility.
What is the difference between web-based and ISP-based email?
- Web-based: Accessible via any internet-connected device
- ISP-based: Linked to the internet service provider
ISP-based limits access to devices connected to the provider’s network.
What are green computing initiatives?
- Cloud Computing
- Reduces energy consumption by centralizing data storage
Used for data storage, software applications, and backup solutions.
What is the recommended internet connection for schools?
Fiber Optic
Provides high-speed, reliable internet for high data usage needs.
What is the definition of a network?
When two or more devices are connected
Enables communication and resource sharing.
What is the disadvantage of networks?
Potential violation of privacy or leakage of confidential information
Important to maintain network security.
What is the function of a router?
Connects devices, ensuring seamless data flow
Essential for communication between devices.
How is internet speed measured?
Mbps (Megabits per second)
A standard measurement for internet connectivity.
What is the role of a server in school networks?
Stores and manages data, applications, and services
Provides centralized access to resources.
What is the impact of Intellectual Property (IP)?
Protects competitive advantage, innovation, and confidentiality
Important for sponsorship, partnerships, and recruitment.
What is the definition of ergonomics in computer use?
The study of people’s efficiency in their working environment
Important for preventing strain and improving comfort.
What is the digital divide?
The gap between individuals with access to digital technology and those without
Affects educational and economic opportunities.
Define a cracker.
An individual who breaks into computer systems with malicious intent
Often aims to exploit vulnerabilities for theft or damage.
What is one advantage of added fuel load in F1 cars?
Extended stint length
Allows cars to stay on track longer without refueling.
What is a disadvantage of added fuel load in F1 cars?
Decreased speed
Heavier fuel load affects overall performance.
What are common actions performed by crackers?
Bypassing software protection mechanisms, stealing sensitive data, distributing malware, gaining unauthorized access to networks or systems
Crackers are typically associated with malicious activities that compromise security.
How are crackers perceived in terms of ethical implications?
They are often viewed negatively due to potential financial and security repercussions.
Their actions can lead to significant harm for individuals and organizations.
What is an advantage of added fuel load in F1 cars?
Extended stint length, flexibility in race strategy
More fuel allows cars to stay on track longer without refueling and adapt strategies based on competitors.
What is a disadvantage of added fuel load in F1 cars?
Decreased speed and agility
Extra weight affects acceleration, braking, and cornering.
How do you calculate fuel consumption per lap?
Total fuel used in the race divided by the number of laps driven
This provides an average fuel consumption metric.
What does the term ‘digital divide’ refer to?
The gap between those with access to digital technology and the internet and those without.
This divide can affect educational and economic opportunities.
What are health issues caused by excessive screen time on students?
Eye strain, obesity
These health issues can impact academic performance and overall well-being.
What is cross-referencing in effective research techniques?
Checking multiple credible sources to confirm the accuracy of information.
This helps ensure the reliability of the data used in research.
What is the purpose of the COUNTA function in spreadsheets?
Counts all non-empty cells within a specified range
Example: =COUNTA(A1:A10) counts all cells that are not blank.
What does the COUNT function do in spreadsheets?
Counts only the cells containing numbers within a range.
Example: =COUNT(A1:A10) counts only numerical entries.
What does an error indicated by ### in a spreadsheet mean?
The column width is too narrow to display the data.
Adjusting the column width resolves this issue.
What is the correct syntax for a function in spreadsheets?
Ensure functions begin with ‘=’ and use proper syntax, e.g., =AVERAGE(A1:A10).
Correct syntax is crucial for function execution.
What does Format Painter do in word processing?
Copies formatting from one section to another for consistency.
It helps maintain uniformity across a document.
What is the Find & Replace feature used for in word processing?
Quickly replace words or phrases throughout a document.
This ensures uniformity in text editing.
How can you display an image to the left of text in a document?
Adjust Layout Options (Text Wrapping).
This allows for better text and image integration.
What should you do to correct the Average function in a spreadsheet?
Ensure it is written as =AVERAGE(D3:D20).
Including an equal sign and proper function name is essential.
What does a hyperlink in a spreadsheet do?
The text displays as a hyperlink linking to another location.
This feature allows for easy navigation to referenced data.
