theory Flashcards
what protects the spinal cord?
the verterbral canal
what is the superior thoracic aperture?
also known as the thoracic inlet bounded by bones of the upper thorax, manubrium, first pair of ribs, and body of t1
Whats the inferior thoracic aperture
border covered by diaphragm to separate it ftom the abdominal cavity
How do we call the sideway curvature of the spine?
scoliosis
how does the saccrum form
fusion of 4 sacral vertebrae
What movements are restrcition in the thoracic region
flexion, extension and lateral flexion
What movement is restricted in the lumbar region
circumduction, very stable region
what are the borders of the mediatinum
anteriorly: sternum
posterior. thoracic verterbrae
lateral: mediastinal pleura
inferior:diaphragm
superior: thoracic inlet
what are the divisions of the mediastinum?
1.Transthoracic plane: between sternal angle and t4 T5
2.Supracardiac mediastinum
3.Inferior mediastinum: ant,middle and post
What are the layers of the superiod mediastinum?
1.Thymus gland
2 SVC
3-Aortic arch and branches
4-Trachea & root of lung
5-Oesophagus
What make sup the lesses splanchnic nerves?
T10-T11
What makes up the greater splanchnic nerves?
T6-T9
what makes up the least splanchnic nerves?
T12
What bones make up the skeleton?
verterbral column, ribs & sternum
What goes through the transvers foramen?
vertebral vessels
differences between right and left main bronchus
R: shorter, wider , more vertical and divides 3 lobar bronchi
L: longer, narrower, more horizontal and divides into 2 lobar bronchi
What are the 3 surfaces of the lungs?
anterior: costal surface
medially: mediastinal surface
inferiorly: diaphragmatic surface
what makes up the hilum
main bronchus, pulmonary artery and veins
order of content of right hilum
B
A
V
order of content of left hilum
A
B
V
how many broncho pulmonary segments?
10: right- 3sup, 2mid, 5 inf
left- 5 inf & 5 sup
what runs between the segment
pulmonary veins and lymphatics
what are the 3 parts of the pharynx?
naso, oro, and laryngopharynx
what structure open into inferior nasal meatus
nasolacrimal duct
