Theory Flashcards
1
Q
What are the parts of a CAM
A
.A CAM which is connected to a crankshaft
.And a follower which touches the CAM which follows the shape
2
Q
What are some examples of CAMs
A
Heart shaped CAM
Eccentric (circle one)
Pear shaped CAM
Egg shaped CAM
Snail CAM
3
Q
How do you work out ratio
A
Ratio= driven/ drive
4
Q
What are the examples of rechargeable batteries
A
Lithium iron
Nickel cashing batteries
5
Q
What is the main difference between Nickel cadmium and lithium iron batteries
A
One is more flexible than others
6
Q
What are three examples of natural fibres
A
Cotton
Wool
Silk
7
Q
What are three examples of synthetic fibres
A
Polyester, Nylon, Lycra
8
Q
How are woven fabrics made
A
Woven fabrics are produced by interlacing two sets of yarns at the right length of the fabric. The weft yarns run across the width of the fabric at the edge where the warp meets
9
Q
How are non woven fabrics made
A
They are made by forming fibrous webs directly from fibres of polymer granules and consolidating the webs
10
Q
What are the properties of woven fabrics
A
Elastic
Water resistant
Warm
Strong fibres
Absorbent
11
Q
What are the properties of Non woven fabrics
A
Soft
Water repellent
Cushioning
Absorb liquid
12
Q
What are blended fabrics
A
Two or more fabrics
In one thing
13
Q
What are the Advantages of a polyester/Cotton blend
A
Cancels out creasing and colour changing in cotton
14
Q
What are the advantages of a Lycra/ cotton blend
A
Makes cloths stretchy and crease resistant
15
Q
What is a difference in knitted and woven fabrics
A
Knitted fabrics are warmer
16
Q
What is deforestation
A
The mass cutting down of trees
17
Q
What are 5 disadvantages of CAD/CAM
A
Software is complex to work
Expensive software
Easily hacked
Risk of corrupt data
Compatibility issues
Training costs
High maintenance costs
18
Q
What are 5 advantages of CAD/CAM
A
.Designs are easily copied
.CAD is accurate
.It can process complex stress testing
. Designs can be worked in remotely
. Costs less time
19
Q
What are the different types of CAM
A
CAM= computer aided manufacturing
CAD= computer aided design
CNC= computer numerical control
20
Q
What does accuracy mean
A
When a product is close to what is expected
21
Q
What is a prototype
A
A practice model
22
Q
What is rendering
A
Shading to show form and shape
23
Q
What is stress testing
A
To test to see if the products fits it’s purpose
24
Q
Where do plastics come from
A
Horns and trees =natural
Crude oil= synthetic
25
How are plastics mad
Via polymerisation
26
What are the two types of plastic
Thermoforming
Thermosetting
27
What are the uses of thermosetting
Urea formulae= used in electrical sockets
Melamine formulae= laminated surfaces and pan handles
28
fWhat are ferrous metals
They are metals that contain iron
29
How does carbon effect hardness of a ferrous metal
It makes it harder
30
What are the types of Steele
Mild Steele
Medium carbon Steele
High carbon Steele
Cast iron
31
How does carbon effect how ductile something is
The less carbon the more ductile
32
What are alloys
They are metals that are made up of two or more metalsExamples of alloys include red gold (gold and copper), white gold (gold and silver), sterling silver (silver and copper
33
Why are alloys made
To get the best properties of each metal in one
34
What are non ferrous metals
Metals with no iron
35
What is aluminium used for
Drinks cans and aircraft bodies
36
What’s re the properties of aluminium
Soft malleable and corrosion resistant
37
What are the properties of copper
Tough
Ductile
Electrical conductors
38
What is copper used in
Electrical contacts
Cables
Wires
Jewellery
39
What are two examples of alloys
Brass+copper
Bronze+copper
40
What are the properties of brass+copper
Strong wearing
Used in valves and taps
41
What are properties of bronze and copper
Hard
Strong
Corrode
Used in statues coins and bearings
42
What are the consumer rights
Protects customers
.The act protects you 30 days after purchase
. It says product should be good quality
. However if it was faulty already you are not protected
. The act does not cover contracts
. Protects consumers services the recessive
43
How do you maintain sustainability
Finite resources should not be used as they are limited and some can release harmful emissions
44
What is continuous improvement
An approach that continually improves products
45
What is efficient working
To remove waste from any process
46
What is carbon offsetting
Compensating for co2 pollution
47
What is the product lifecycle cycle
Extraction of minerals
Manufacturing
Transport
Consumption
Recycling
48
How do product lifecycles help company’s
They help them make desk coins on how to improve a product
49
What is wrong with incineration
It release co2 pollutants
However no Methane is created
50
What are the advantages and disadvantages of landfill
Produces pollutants
However is cheap and keeps hazardous waste segregated
51
What are the advantages and disadvantages of sea dumping
Cheap and easy
However destroys ecosystems
52
What are the advantages of recycling
Reduces the need for finite resources, saves wildlife and it’s not pollutant
53
what are the types of molding
extrusion
blow
thermoforming
injection
compression
rotation
54
what is an example of extrusion molding
straws
pipes
window
55
what is an example of blow molding
bottles/ anything hollow
56
what is an example of thermoforming molding
packaging
57
what is an example of injection molding
containers and lego
58
what is an example of compression molding
floor/ gym mats
59
what is an example of rotation molding
kayaks/ big plastic products
60
what is a composite material
a composite material is made of two other materials with different properties
61
what are types of paper
cartridge, copier,tracing, boards, couragatted, mounting
62
what is a use of cartridge paper
artistic papper used for painting, drawing extra thick textured up to 140 gsm
63
what is a use of copier paper
printing and photocopying 80gsm smooth and strong
64
what is a use of tracing paper
used to copy drawings only 40gsm thick
thin an transparent
65
what is a use corrugated paper
can be made into boxes for packaging electricals. the fluting helps absorbs impact
66
what is a use for mounting board
high quality work/ models
it is thick and stiff and available in various colours
67
what is a use for layout paper
sketching/ developing ideas only 50gsm
thin enough to trace and is cheap
68
what are the three types of boards
folding backboard
composite boards
laminated boards
69
what are the aspects of folding backboard
high quality packaging, display stands for food, single or multi layered folds easily and can be printed on
70
what are the properties of composite boards
they are a material made up of two other materials with different properties they are used in food packaging and drinks cartons
71
what are the properties of laminated boards
boards are found in products like shelf stable carton which are made of 3 materials this is useful as it adds strength and applys a good finish this is done by a laminate in machine
72
what are properties some metals can have
its strength
luster
conductivity
toughness
hardness
ductile
malleable
73
what is strength
how well a material can resist being deformed
74
what is luster
a gentle sheen or soft glow
75
what is conductivity
the ability to allow electrical current or heat pass through it
76
what is toughness
how well something can withstand impact
77
what is hardness
how well it can withstand scratching without breaking
78
what is ductile
how well something can withstand stretching
79
what is malleability
how easily something can be shaped
80
what is lamination
it is a technique of layering material using heat pressure and adhesives
81
what is a benefit of lamination
it increases strength and you can create different shapes e.g curves
82
where is lamination commonly used
in ply wood
83
how are timbers categorised
hard woods
soft woods
manufactured boards
84
what are some examples of hardwoods
oak, ash , sapple, birch, walnut
85
what are some example of soft woods
pine, sprice, fur, red wood
86
what are some examples of manufactured boards
MDF, plywood, chipboard
87
what are the benefits of manufactured boards
they are cheap and better for the environment as you are using wasted wood
88
what are the properties of hardwood
deciduous trees ( leaf loss)
higher cost
take longer to grow ( nicer grain)
used in boats and high quality furniture
89
what are the properties of softwood
they are evergreen
cheaper cost
can grow all year
garin is spread out ( younger)
used in lower quality furniture
90
what are the properties of manufactured boards
used in low quality furniture
boarding out floors and walls
low cost mainly made from thin srips or scraps of wood and are chaep
91
what are some example of metal finishes
varnish
plastic coating
glover varnishing
enameling
92
what is varnishing
where you apply a clear transparent coating multiple times to create a protective layer
93
what is plastic coating
it is suitable for mot metals and is dipped in coating and returned to oven for good finish
94
what is glover varnishing
where you coat something in molten zinc
95
what is enameling
powdered glass melted provides a hard surface
96
how do we prepare wood
we season wood (dry it) to prevent it twisting, warping and expanding when moist
97
what is air drying when talking about wood
air drying is where it is left outside in piles for six months to dry out
98
what is kiln drying
kiln drying is where you place you wood inside and it is dried over a 24 hour period at a constant temperature
99
what are the disadvantages of kiln drying
expensive
bad for the environment
100
what are the disadvantages of air drying
time consuming
bugs live in it
could rot
cheap
101
what does the FSC stand for
the forestry stewardship council
102
what does the FSC do
they protect animals ecosystems indigenous people and forest around them
103
what would happen if the FSC weren't there
illegal logging would increase ecosystems destroyed animal extinction and flooding
104
what is the paper making process
trees are cut down
water is added to wood chips
boiled to make wood pulp
paper is bleached and chemicals are added
the paper is flattened
the paper dried
it is rolled and cut in strips
105
what are the paper sizes
A2 = 594mm x 420mm
A3 =420mm x 297mm
A4= 297 mm x 210mm
A5= 210 mm x 148 mm
A6= 148mm x 105mm
106
what is papers units
g/m2
107
when is paper classified as a board
when it weighs over 200g/m2
108
what is prototyping
this is where teams create design around there product to decide which would be the best
109
why are alkaline batteries better than normal batteries
Alkaline batteries offer longer-lasting power, higher performance, and are suitable for high-drain devices, while carbon batteries are better suited for low-drain devices with less demanding power needs.
110
how do you safely dispose of batteries
by putting them i supermarket bins
111
what are the main types of energy
chemical
mechanical
nuclear
gravitational
112
how is chemical energy stored
in batteries
gasses
solid fuel
food
113
how is mechanical energy stored
compression
tension
motion
114
how is kinetic energy stored
movement
electricity
heat
sound
115
what do you need to keep in mind when making a design brief
aesthetic considerations
functional considerations
market considerations
116
what are some examples of smart materials
thermochromic
shape memory alloys
photochromic
polymorph
ferrofluids
self healing materials
chemochromic
117
what are thermochromic pigments
change colour when their temperature changes. The term ‘thermo’ relates to heat, and chroma means colour. often used in cloths
118
what are shape memory alloys
are metal
alloys
that can remember their shape when heated
119
what are photochromic materials
work in a similar way but 'photo' refers to light - so these pigments change their properties when exposed to
ultraviolet (UV)
light
120
what are chemochromic materials
Chemochromic Materials are materials which react with different chemicals and exhibit a change in color, transmission, or reflection properties
121
what are block diagrams
they consider the input, process, and out put and look like rectangles with arrows in between.
122
what is an example of an input device
light dependant resistor (resistance changes along with the light) used in street lights
thermistor ( these can change resistance along side the temperature) these are used in ovens
123
what is an example of a processor
switch this is used in most devices ( this can allow current of prevent current)
programmable components these can be programed to do a certain things these are used in washing machines
124
what is a example of an output device
speaker uses electromagnet to vibrate for sound used in headphones and computers
LED long lasting power light used in christmas lights
125
what is anthropometrics
this is the practise of taking measurements of the human body and provide categories of data that can be used by designers
126
what are ergonomics
ergonomics is the process of designing or arranging workplaces, products and systems so that they fit the people who use them.
127
what are some examples of manufacturing
batch manufacturing
3d printing
machining
casting
128
what is user centered design
is an iterative design process in which designers focus on the users and their needs in each phase of the design process.
129
how do you stay safe when doing dt
use the correct ppe and use the machines correctly
