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Music LC > Theory > Flashcards

Theory Flashcards

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Ultimate Music Theory flashcards
1
Q

What does western art music include?

A

Baroque (1600-1750)
Classical (1750-1820)
Romantic(1820-1900)
Modern(20th century)

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2
Q

Melody

A

The main tune/solo part in a piece of music and a sequence of single notes that is musically pleasing

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3
Q

Canon

A

Imitation at a fixed distance

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4
Q

Counter melody

A

A tune that challenges the melody in a piece, it provides contrast and it typically comes later in a piece

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5
Q

What does Accompaniment provide?

A

Provides support(harmonic or rhythmic) to the melody

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6
Q

What can you tell me about baroque

A

Bach
Handel
Vivaldi
Mainly strings
Interweaving melodies
Ornamented
Use of harpsichord
Polyphonic textures are common
Ornate, sequential melodies are often used

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7
Q

What can you tell me about the classical era

A

Mozart
Baethoven
Dvovalc
Haydn
Piano is created
Clearly designed cadence points
Mainly homophonic in texture
4-8 bar phrases

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8
Q

What can you tell me about the romantic era

A

Tchaikovsky
Chopin
Liszt
Brahms
Huge orchestras
Lots of new instruments
Eg concert harp and piccolo
Rich in harmonies
Adventurous modulation to unrelated keys

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9
Q

What can you tell me about the modern era

A

Atonality
Dissonance
Changing time signatures
No set form

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10
Q

Monophonic

A

Music with a single line of melody only

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11
Q

Homophonic

A

A melody with a chordal accompaniment

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12
Q

Polyphonic

A

Music that contains two or more melodic lines simultaneously

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13
Q

What’s a perfect cadence

A

Consists of chords 5-1
A perfect cadence is used to being a very grand finished feeling into a piece
It’s the most common type of cadence

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14
Q

What is an imperfect cadence

A

Consists of any chord to chord 5
An imperfect cadence briefly rests a musical phrase, but it always needs something more , it cannot be used to finish a piece

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15
Q

What is a plagal cadence

A

Consists of the chords 4-1
Sounds finished but in a weak and gentle sense
Because the penultimate chord doesn’t feature the leading note it doesn’t give as great an effect of its finishing

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16
Q

What is an Interrupted cadence

A

Consists of chords 5-6
It sounds like it’s going to be a perfect cadence (5-1) but the it moves to another chord
It sounds unfinished

17
Q

What are some features of a Sean Nós?

A

Modal
Solo/unaccompanied
Ornamented, turns, grace notes
Melodic, rhythmic variation
Ornamented
Free rhythm
Little or no dynamic variation

18
Q

Features of the modern style

A

*Atonality
*Dissonance
*Changing Time Signatures
*Electroacoustic Music
*No set form

19
Q

What are the features of jazz

A

Syncopated ‘swing’ rhythm
Flattened ‘blues notes’ e.g. flattened 3rds
Jazz instruments inc.trumpet, clarinet, cello, d.bass,piano
Improvisation

20
Q

What are the features of pop music?

A

Simple catchy melodies
Syncopated rhythm
Often in verse chorus form

21
Q

What are the features of rock music?

A

Harsh vocals
Instrumentation is mainly heavy drumming, electric guitars
Electronic effects eg distortion, reverb etc

22
Q

What are the features of folk music?

A

Simple melodies
Chordal accompaniment
Usually solo songs

23
Q

What is form?

A

Form is a structure of a piece of music or song.
You might be asked to fill in a phrase plan of a song using letters.
AB Binary Form
ABA Ternary Form
ABACADA Rondo/Ritornello
Form
Songs can be in:
Verse Chorus Form
Strophic Form (same music used for each verse).
Through composed
(different music for each new verse)

24
Q

Give 3 examples of form

A

Verse Chorus Form: The Fields of Athenry

Strophic Form: Amazing Grace

Through Composed: Der Erlkonig by Schubert

25
Q

List the four features of rhythm

A

Dotted
Steady/even
Syncopated
Irregular

26
Q

List 10 features of a melody

A

Ascending
Descending
Repetitive
Sequential
Triadic
Simple
Stepwise
Leaping
Complicated
Ornamented

27
Q

List 6 tempos in ascending order

A

Largo
Adagio
Andante
Moderato
Allegro
Presto

28
Q

List 6 Dynamics in ascending order

A

pp = pianissimo
p = piano
mp = metso piano
mf = metso forte
f = forte
ff = fortissimo

29
Q

List and explain 6 words used for articulation eg staccato

A

Staccato
Legato
Sforzando
Tenuto
Slur
Marcato

30
Q

What is ground bass

A

Ground bass is the term used in Baroque music where a bass part is repeated throughout the piece

31
Q

What is basso continuo?

A

Basso continuo parts, almost universal in the Baroque era (1600–1750), provided the harmonic structure of the music by supplying a bassline and a chord progression

32
Q

What is chaconne?

A

Chaconne is when the bass line moves to a higher instrument

33
Q

Name an Irish Sean Nós singer

A

Iarla O Lionaird

34
Q

What band is Iarla O Lionaird in?

A

Current member of The Gloaming with Martin Hayes

35
Q

Tell me a bit about Iarla O Lionaird background

A

Was a member of Sean O’Riada’s male voice choir - Cor Chuil Aodha

36
Q

What is Iarla O Lionaird style?

A

Sean Nos

Munster style – typicaly influenced my classical features such as vibrato. Very wide range. Some use of ornamentation.

37
Q

Give me a musical example of Iarla O Lionaird

A

Solo Album – Foxlight (2011)

Music LC (2 decks)

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