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Rcsi Theory Exam > Theory 1 > Flashcards

Theory 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Most important measures to prevent hospital acquired infection is?

Hand hygiene

Gloving

Using face mask

A

A. Hand hygiene

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2
Q

Which, among the following is the body‘s first line of defense?

Skin

WBC

neutrophils

A

Skin

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3
Q

Primary mediator of inflammation is?

Prostaglandins

Histamine/ serotonin / bradykinin / cytokines

Ventricular tachycardia

A

Histamine / serotonin / bradykinin / cytokines

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4
Q

The first defence against infection is by the?

Neutrophils

Basophils

Eosinophils

A

Neutrophils

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5
Q

Which of the following is associated with high risk of infection?

A central venous catheter

Peripheral catheter

Implanted port

A

A central venous catheter

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6
Q

2 days following a major surgery, which of the following vital signs changes should be considered important by the nurse?

Pulse - 100/mt

BP 160/60 mm/Hg

Temp 38.8 °c

A

Temp 38.8 °c

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7
Q

The term that indicates relative of the internal environment?

Homeostatis

Isotonicity

A

Homeostatis

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8
Q

Which of the following is not a sign of inflammation?

Pain

Redness

Coldness

A

Coldness

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9
Q

Number of stages for pressure ulcers is:

1

3

4

A

4

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10
Q

Which of the following is not spread by large air droplets:

Diptheria

Pertussis

Measles

A

Measles

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11
Q

When host is not affected by organism, organism is silent inside the host is called?

Carrier

Colony

Agent

Reservoir

A

Carrier

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12
Q

Which of the following is the most common complication of tracheostomy?

Occlusion and replacement

Bleeding

Infection

A

Occlusion and replacement

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13
Q

After surgery, the use of incentive spirometry is?

To Keep the alveoli open and prevent from collapsing

To remove secretion

A

To Keep the alveoli open and prevent from collapsing

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14
Q

The volume of air that remains in the air passages that do not participate in inspiration or expiration.

Physiological dead space

vital capacity

residual volume

A

Physiological dead space

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15
Q

Adequate hydration is important for patients with pneumonia as it

Helps to thin and loosen the secretions

Keeps the clients hydrated

Helps to maintain intake and output

A

Helps to thin and loosen the secretions

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16
Q

COPD is a…

A reversible respiratory condition

A chronic irreversible airway disease

A

A chronic irreversible airway disease

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17
Q

The amount of air entering and leaving the lungs in each breath

Vital capacity

Tidal volume

Functional residual volume

A

Tidal volume

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18
Q

Which of the following is not associated with excessive secretions in the respiratory passages?

Trauma to the tracheobronchial tree

Diminish cough reflex

Obstruction of the air passages

A

Trauma to the tracheobronchial tree

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19
Q

When person confirms pneumonia two weeks after admission to a hospital which he did not had at the time of admission it is?

Hospital acquired pneumonia

Community acquired pneumonia

Aspiration pneumonia

A

Hospital acquired pneumonia

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20
Q

Which instrument is used to measure a client each breath

Pulmonary function test

Stethoscope

Incentive spirometry

A

Pulmonary function test

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21
Q

A patient receiving 6 L of oxygen by nasal prongs is complaining of nasal irritation

Humidify the oxygen

Use face mask instead of prongs / venturi mask

Ask the patient to sit up in the bed

A

Use face mask instead of prongs / venturi mask

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22
Q

Which of the following is a side effect of bronchodilator therapy?

Bradycardia

Tachycardia

Bradypnea

A

Tachycardia

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23
Q

When a particle enters the lower lungs, it causes…

Hospital acquired pneumonia

Aspiration pneumonia

Healthcare associated pneumonia

A

Aspiration pneumonia

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24
Q

Chronic obstructive disease of air passages where edema, pus formation, and hyperreactivity are present…

Asthma

Chronic bronchitis

Atelectasis

A

Asthma

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25
Q

Which of the following is not used as a pain scale?

Verbal description sheets

Numerical pain scale

Glasgow coma scale

A

Glasgow coma scale

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26
Q

Which is not indicated for a client with increased ICP?

Avoiding Valsalva maneuver

Trendelenburg position

Decrease cranial stimuli

A

Trendelenburg position

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27
Q

The nurse is evaluating the status of a client who had a craniotomy three days ago. Which assessment finding would indicate that the client is developing meningitis as a complication of a surgery?

A negative Kernig’s sign

A positive Brudzinski sign

A GCS score of 15

A

A positive Brudzinski sign

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28
Q

A client has clear fluid leaking from the following a basilar skull fracture, which finding would alert the nurse that CSF is present?

Fluid is clear and test negative for glucose

Fluid is grossly bloody in appearance and has a 11 of six

Fluid separates into concentric rings, test positive for glucose

A

Fluid separates into concentric rings, test positive for glucose

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29
Q

Which is the most sensitive and earliest indication of increasing ICP?

Slowed heart rate

Altered level of consciousness

Headache

A

Headache

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30
Q

Which of the following is not a sign of neurovascular compromise?

Pain

Pallor

Pus

A

Pus

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31
Q

The spinal cord extends from?

C- L1

C- L2

C- L3

A

C-L2

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32
Q

The inability of a client to communicate effectively is called?

Aphasia

Agnosia

Apraxia

A

Aphasia

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33
Q

Bell’s palsy paralysis of which cranial nerve?

CN VI

CN VII

CN VIII

A

CN VII

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34
Q

The innermost layer of meninges is?

Pia mater

Arachnoid mater

Dura mater

A

Pia mater

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35
Q

Which of the following is a symptom of hypothyroidism?

Intolerance to heat

Intolerance to cold

Weight loss

A

Intolerance to cold

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36
Q

Common side effect of opioid analgesics

Respiratory arrest

Constipation

Ptosis

A

Constipation

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37
Q

A young adult is admitted with acute bacterial meningitis. The nurse maintain accurate intake it output chart. The purpose of this is to?

Prevent cerebral edema

Check for hypovolemia

To prevent dehydration

A

Prevent cerebral edema

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38
Q

Which is the most common complication of administering TPA for a patient with stroke?

Myocardial infarction

Cerebral hemorrhage

A

Cerebral hemorrhage

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39
Q

What is the risk factor for administering thrombolytic therapy for a patient with stroke?

Myocardial infarction

History of cerebral hemorrhage

A

History of cerebral hemorrhage

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40
Q

A pattern develop sudden, atrial fibrillation; the nurse checks the pulse, and will be…

Rapid radial pulse

Irregular radial pulse

Rapid, irregular pulse

A

Rapid, irregular pulse

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41
Q

Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood?

Right atrium

Right ventricle

Left atrium

A

Left atrium

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42
Q

Which is a risk factor for hypertension?

Hypernatremia

Hyperkalemia

Hypocalcemia

A

Hyper natremia

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43
Q

After surgery to decrease the complication of DVT, the nurse should advise the patient to…

Early ambulation

ROM exercises

All of the above

A

All of the above

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44
Q

Patient is getting warfarin and the nurse finds that INR is 2.5. What action will be taken by the nurse?

Stop warfarin and inform the doctor

Continue warfarin

Administer vitamin K as ordered

A

Continue warfarin

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45
Q

A nurse is checking the pulse rate of a patient. She gets a pulse rate of 100 bpm and the nurse will record in the client chart as.

Bradycardia

Tachycardia

Ventricular tachycardia

A

Tachycardia

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46
Q

The non-invasive method to find the saturation of blood is?

Pulse oximeter

PFT or pulmonary function test

ABG

A

Pulse oximeter

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47
Q

A major hematological problem in the elderly is?

Hemophilia

Anemia

Thrombocytopenia

A

Anemia

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48
Q

The antidote for warfarin is?

Protamine sulfate

Vitamin K

Naloxone

A

Vitamin K

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49
Q

Which of these is the least cause of phlebitis?

Bacterial

Viral

Chemical

A

Viral

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50
Q

Negative pressure drainage cannot be used in patients with which type of wound.

Pressure ulcer

Diabetic wound

Malignant wound

A

Malignant wound

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51
Q

An elderly patient complains of sudden pain in the center of the chest. What is the nurse appropriate action?

Take an ECG

Echocardiogram

Halter monitoring

A

Take an ECG

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52
Q

Nurse is watching the cardiac monitor, and the clients rhythm changes. There are no P waves. Instead there are fibrillatory waves before each QRS complex. How should the nurse correctly interpret the clients heart rhythm?

Atrial fibrillation

Sinus bradycardia

Ventricular fibrillation

A

Atrial fibrillation

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53
Q

A block in the pulmonary artery, or any of its branches cause by a thrombus formed elsewhere in the body is called?

Pulmonary embolus

Deep vein thrombosis

A

Pulmonary embolus

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54
Q

Which is a risk factor for administering thrombolytic therapy for patients with stroke?

Myocardial infarction

History of cerebral hemorrhage

A

History of cerebral hemorrhage

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55
Q

Which of the following is a symptom of cardiogenic shock?

Hypotension

Bradycardia

Hypertension

A

Hypotension

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56
Q

Which of the following is the most common type of circulatory shock?

Cardiogenic

Neurogenic

Septic

A

Cardiogenic

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57
Q

Which of these arteries is not a branch of the left coronary artery?

Left main coronary

Circumflex artery

Posterior descending artery

A

Posterior descending artery

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58
Q

A patient post myocardial infarction during his of rest is advised to ambulate his lower extremities.

Preventing reoccurrence of myocardial infarction

Prevent DVT

A

Prevent DVT

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59
Q

When there is decreased cardiac output, what will happen? Immediate response?

Hypertension

Hypotension

Tachycardia

A

Hypotension

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60
Q

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of chronic gastritis. The nurse monitors the client knowing that this at-risk for which vitamin deficiency?

Vitamin B-12

Vitamin C

Vitamin A

A

Vitamin B-12

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61
Q

The healthcare provider has determined that the client with hepatitis has the infection from contaminated food. The nurse understand that their client must likely experiencing what type of hepatitis?

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

A

Hepatitis A

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62
Q

Which one is not a postoperative complication of gastrectomy?

Hemorrhage

Constipation

Vitamin B-12 deficiency

A

Constipation

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63
Q

A patient comes to the hospital with complaints of dizziness and left lower abdominal pain since one week and had two bloody stools. What was the nurse expect the treatment plan of the patient be?

Prescribe analgesics advice to review after one week

Administer IV fluids, and observe the patient

Order CT scan to rule out diverticulitis

A

Order CT scan to rule out diverticulitis

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64
Q

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client with roses and notes that the ammonia level is elevated. Which diet does the nurse anticipate to be prescribed for this client?

Low protein diet

High protein diet

Moderate fat diet

A

Low protein diet

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65
Q

Which of the following is an early sign of hypoglycaemia?

Irritability

Restlessness

Confusion

A

Irritability

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66
Q

Mr. Jean admitted with nausea, vomiting and localized pain and palpable mass in the right upper quadrant. He cannot take a deep breath when the nurse hand is place below costal margin on the right side, which sign does it have.

Murphy’s sign

Cullen’s sign

Turner’s sign

A

Murphy’s sign

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67
Q

The major health issue with increasing number of obese people is?

Diabetes mellitus

Stress

Depression

A

Diabetes mellitus

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68
Q

The major reasons for bleeding in a cancer patient is?

Anemia

Leukopenia

Thrombocytopenia

A

Thrombocytopenia

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69
Q

One of the following is not considered as a cause of cancer.

Diet

Enzymes

Hormones

A

Enzymes

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70
Q

Which of the following is a route for TPN?

Subclavian vein

Femoral vein

Brachial vein

A

Subclavian vein

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71
Q

A newborn weighing 3.88 kg is ordered 150ml/kg of fluid per day. How many milliliters of fluid should be given in 24 hours?

5.82 ML.

582 ML

222 ML

A

582 ML

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72
Q

A Staff nurse is discussing about a clients diagnosis and treatment with other staff during lunchtime. Which principal according to Irish, code of ethics is breached.

Trust and confidentiality

Quality of care

Professional responsibility and accountability

A

Trust and confidentiality

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73
Q

A nurse accepts a small financial loan from a client which principle is being breeched by the nurse?

Professional responsibility and accountability

Quality of care

Collaboration with others

A

Professional responsibility and accountability

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74
Q

A registered nurse is helping a student nurse in providing care to the patient. Which principle is she adhering to?

Quality of care

Collaboration with others

Trust and confidentiality

A

Collaboration with others

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75
Q

A nurse is giving advice for a client who is seeking help for a weight reduction. The nurse also refers the client to a dietitian which principle is being followed by the nurse.

Professional responsibility and accountability

Quality of care

Collaboration with others

A

Collaboration with others

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76
Q

A client is nearly diagnosed with type two diabetes mellitus. The nurse is providing accurate, full and appropriate information to the client regarding the disease which principle is being followed by the nurse?

Professional responsibility and accountability

Trust and confidentiality

Collaboration with others

A

Trust and confidentiality

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77
Q

The nurse fails to document the caregiving to the client appropriately. Which principle is being breach by the nurse.?

Professional responsibility and accountability

Quality of care

Collaboration with others

A

Collaboration with others

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78
Q

A nurse joined for a nursing refreshment program since she was not working for the last six years. Which principle according to the Irish code ethics is following.

Trust and confidentiality

Quality of care

Collaboration with others

A

Quality of care

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79
Q

A research that uses descriptive statements from the patient refers to?

Quantitative research

Qualitative research

Action research

A

Qualitative research

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80
Q

The selected elements (open people or objects), chosen for participation in a research study refers to?

Population

Sample

Variable

A

Sample

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81
Q

A research that uses numerical values is?

Quantitative research

Mixed method research

Qualitative research

A

Quantitative research

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82
Q

Polyurea is when?

Urine output is less than 0.5 ml/kg/hr

Urine output is less than 50 ML/KG/HR

Increased urinary output

A

Increase urinary output

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83
Q

The first line of treatment for prostate cancer is?

Radical prostatectomy

Diarrhea

Androgen ablation therapy or hormone therapy

A

Androgen ablation therapy or hormone therapy

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84
Q

Cystoscopy is contraindicated during?

Meningitis

UTI

Heart failure

A

UTI

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85
Q

Which of the following is not a lower urinary track infection?

Pyelonephritis

Cystitis

Urethritis

A

Pyelonephritis

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86
Q

Prerenal cause of renal failure is?

Hemorrhage

Calculi

Sepsis

A

Hemorrhage

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87
Q

The movement of solvent molecule across a membrane in response to a concentration gradient is termed as?

Diffusion

Osmosis

Filtration

A

Osmosis

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88
Q

Which is an early sign of dehydration in young in middle age, adult

Thirst

Tachycardia

Bradycardia

A

Thirst

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89
Q

Hyperaldosteronism may result in?

Hyponatremia

Hypernatremia

Hyperkalemia

A

Hypernatremia

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90
Q

Which of the following electrolytes lost in projective vomiting?

Calcium

Magnesium

Potassium

A

Potassium

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91
Q

Reduced Renal blood flow results from?

Hypovolemic shock

Reduce renal mass

Lower GFR

A

Hypovolemic shock

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92
Q

Specific gravity of urine in a dehydrated patient is?

1.009.

1.019.

1.039.

A

1.039.

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93
Q

A patient who underwent a major in neurosurgery developed, diabetic insipidus as a complication. The client will be having.?

Decrease serum, osmolarity, increased urine osmolarity

Decrees serum, osmolarity, decrease urine osmolarity

Increase serum, osmolarity, decreased urine osmolarity

A

Insipidus

Increase serum, osmolarity, decreased urine osmolarity

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94
Q

A person with burn injury of neck and face brought to the ER. The patient is having excessive, smoky, secretions and difficulty in breathing the nurse first appropriate action be.

Offer him Ice chips smooth in his mouth

Administer oxygen

Administer IV fluids

A

Administer oxygen

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95
Q

After a below knee amputation, the leg should be placed in which position for the first 24 hours.

Elevate using a pillow

Dressing should be changed 3 to 4 times

The limb should be in dependent position

A

Elevate using a pillow

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96
Q

Middle ear is made up of three bones. Which one is not present in middle ear?

Malleus

Encus

Organ of Corti

A

Organ of Corti

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97
Q

After the application of plaster cast for fracture of humerus. The client is complaining of decreased sensation in her fingers. The nurse action should be.

Assess the neurovascular status of the hand

Advice to elevate the hand

Apply hot pack on the plaster test

A

Assess the neurovascular status of the hand

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98
Q

What is the immediate management of foot on cast?

Elevate the leg

Provide warmth

Keep in independent position

A

Elevate the leg

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99
Q

The term that indicates relative stability of the internal environment?

Homeostatic

Isotonicity

A

Homeostatic

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100
Q

Management to prevent DVT

Warfarin

Anti embolism stockings

All of the above

A

All of the above

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101
Q

The mode of transmission of hepatitis B is?

Parenteral route

Fecal-oral route

Direct contact

A

Parenteral route

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102
Q

Burning sensation in the mid epigastric area 1 1/2 to 3 hours after meals may indicate?

Oesophageal ulcer

Gastro ulcer

duodenal ulcer

A

Duodenal ulcer

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103
Q

The most common sign of infection in older client?

Fever

Confusion

Hypotension

A

Confusion

104
Q

Insensible fluid loss includes fluid loss from?

Lungs and kidneys

Skin and kidneys

Lungs and skin

A

Lungs and skin

105
Q

A client with atrial fibrillation is receiving a continuous heparin infusion at 100 units per hour. The nurse determines that the client is receiving the therapeutic effect based on which result.

Prothrombin time of 12.5 seconds.

APTT time of 60 seconds

APTT time longer than 120 seconds

A

APPT time of 60 seconds

106
Q

Following a liver biopsy, a patient should lie on the right side for?

30 minutes

Two hours

Three hours

A

Three hours

107
Q

Which organ are most commonly affected by postoperative complication in older adults?

Lungs and kidneys

Lungs and heart

Kidneys and heart

A

Lungs and heart

108
Q

Which of the organs control bodies acid-base balance

Lungs and kidneys

Lungs and heart

Kidneys and heart

A

Lungs and kidneys

109
Q

Which is the most common mood disorder in the elderly?

Dementia

Depression

Mania

A

Depression

110
Q

Teenager who had an open an internal fixation for fracture of the femur. Two days after surgery, she asked the nurse when can I start ambulation? The nurse response, that early ambulation depends upon her…

Physical ability

Mental ability

Emotional ability

All of the above

A

All of the above

111
Q

Prolonged vomiting can cause?

Hyponatremia

Hypokalemia

Hyperkalemia

Hypernatremia

A

Hypokalemia

112
Q

Aisling is an asthma nurse, working in the outpatient respiratory clinic in a Cork hospital. A service user finds her advice and support invaluable to managing his symptoms. He also develops a close rapport with her in the clinic. At home he looks for her on Facebook. He sent her a friend request. As a nurse what would be her appropriate response?

Accept the request

Decline the request

Contact him and tell that it is not possible to accept the request

Search service users profile before accepting the request

A

Decline request

113
Q

After expiration, 50 ML of a remains in the lungs. What is it called?

Dead space of air

Vital capacity

Tidal volume

Residual volume

A

Residual volume

114
Q

A client with myocardial infarction suddenly becomes tachycardic, shows signs of air, hunger, and begins coughing frothy, pink – think sputum. Which finding would the nurse anticipate when auscultating the clients breath sounds?

Stridor

Crackles

Diminished breath sounds

A

Crackles

115
Q

Two days after surgery a newly diagnosed type two diabetic patient is unable to take solid food. The client is seen confused, irritable and anxious. What might be the cause of this?

Hypoglycemia

Hyperglycemia

Hypotension

A

Hypoglycemia

116
Q

A nurse is monitoring a client who is taking digoxin for adverse effect. Which one is not a characteristic of digoxin toxicity?

Tremors

Diarrhea

Blurred vision

A

Tremors

117
Q

A nurse is providing safe, competent care to a patient in a compassionate way, which principle is the following?

Professional accountability

Quality of care

Respect and dignity of the person

Collaboration with others

A

Quality of care

118
Q

Which of the following is an early sign of hypokalemia?

Agitation

Fatigue

Drowsiness

A

Fatigue

119
Q

A client has just had surgery to create an ileostomy. The nurse assesses the clients in the immediate postoperative period for which most frequent complication of this type of surgery.?

Folate deficiency

Malabsorption of fat

Intestinal obstruction

Fluid and electrolyte imbalance

A

Fluid and electrolyte imbalance

120
Q

Identify decorticate posturing

A client flexes, one or both arms on the chest and may extend the legs stiffly

Client stiff leg stance, one or both arms and possibly legs

Client displays no motor response in any of the extremity

A

A client flexes, one or both arms in the chest, and may extend the legs stiffly

121
Q

The test used to assess extraocular eye. Movement is.

Confrontation test

Six cardinal gaze test.

Snellen’s vision chart test

A

Six cardinal gaze test

122
Q

Which nursing principle is being breech when a staff nurse tweets on shortage of staff in her ward.

Professional accountability

Quality of care

Respect and dignity of the person

Collaboration with the others

A

Professional accountability

123
Q

A patient is advised for MRI, which point the nurse should inform the doctor

The patient is unconscious

The patient has pacemaker in situ

The patient is taking food

A

The patient has pacemaker in situ

124
Q

What is true about 0.9% NS?

It’s osmolarity is greater than of ECF or extra cellular fluid

It’s osmolarity is equal to ECF contain sodium and water and chloride

It’s osmolarity less than ECF

A

It’s osmolarity is equal to ECF contains sodium water and chloride

125
Q

Which of the following condition would result in low serum osmolarity?

Dehydration

Burns

Overhydration

Hypernatremia

A

Overhydration

126
Q

How will you speak to a patient with hearing deficits?

Speak loudly

Speak to the posterior

Stand at the side of less impairment and speak

Use a sign language

A

Stand up a side of less impairment in speak

127
Q

Which of the following is important in the regulation of blood pressure for clients?

Renin, sodium, ADH, creatinine

Ridden, sodium, ADH, potassium,

Renin, sodium, ADH, aldosterone

A

Renin, sodium ADH, aldosterone

128
Q

A nurse manager find served assistant nurses passing sarcastic comments on each other while on duty in the last two days she finds that it is creating work pressure among coworkers. Also, what is the appropriate action by the nurse manager?

Talk with each person separately about their concern

Hold a meeting with the two persons together to discuss the issue

Inform the higher authority

A

Hold a meeting with the two persons together to discuss the issue

129
Q

Common cause of postoperative hypoxia in a client is?

Aspiration

Bronchospasm

Atelectasis

Pleuritis

A

Atelectasis

130
Q

After a fracture of the right femur, the nurse should advise which of the following to prevent compartment syndrome

Elevate the leg about heart level

Early ambulation

Keep the leg in a neutral position

A

Elevate the leg about heart level

131
Q

Abdominal compartment syndrome can because by the following, except…

Sepsis

Hip replacement

Pancreatitis

Coma

A

Coma

132
Q

Which of these is not a stress reduction technique

Healthy eating habits

Broad social network

Social classes

Relaxation technique

A

Healthy eating habits

133
Q

The nurse is taking informed consent, which element should be considered

The client is able to give consent

The nurse asked if decision to give information to the client

The client is able to take decision

Information is given to the client so that the client can take a decision about the consent

A

Information is given to the client so that the client can take a decision about the consent

134
Q

The range of roles, functions, responsibilities, and activities, which a registered nurse is educated, competent, and has authority to perform comprises the?

Ethics and code of nursing

Scope of nursing practice

Principal of nursing practice

A

Scope of nursing practice

135
Q

A nurse is providing care to a patient by valuing his personal choices and preferences which principle according to the Irish college of ethics, for nurses is being followed

Professional responsibility and accountability

Respect for the dignity of the person

Trust and confidentiality

Quality of care

A

Respect for the dignity of the person

136
Q

Which theory is influence behavior modification of nurses over the years?

Historical theory

Behavior modification theory

A

Behavior, modification theory

137
Q

The nurse, endorses the wards and saw a patient lying down on the floor, the nurse will document in the clients chart as…

As I enter the ward, I found the patient lying on the floor

The patient did not use the sidewalk, so he fell down

Patient fell because of sedation

Patient sale because he or she was agitated

A

As I enter the ward, I found the patient lying on the floor

138
Q

The member nurse covering lining the thoracic cavity and covering the lungs is?

Sclera

Pleura

Peritoneum

A

Pleura

139
Q

What Pain is experience by the patient with renal stones?

Dull flank pain

Severe sharp pain

Diffused abdominal pain

A

Severe sharp pain

140
Q

When changing dressing for a patient two days after hip replacement surgery, the nurse will be least bothered about?

Bloody drainage

Purulent drainage

Serous drainage

A

Serous drainage

141
Q

Which statement is true about blood transfusion?

Change the blood transfusion set every six hours

Change the blood transfusion set every 24 hours

Change the blood transfusion set after each transfusion

Change the blood transfusion set after all transfusions are complete

A

Change the blood transfusion set after each transfusion

142
Q

Presence of pathogen in a person without causing any host pathogen interaction in the body is?

Reservoir

Infection

Colonization

A

Colonization

143
Q

A patient has been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, the nurse is providing clear, correct information about the condition to the client which principle is she following?

Professional responsibility and accountability

Quality of care

Trust and confidentiality

Respect for the dignity of the person

A

Professional responsibility and accountability

144
Q

A person from Jehovah’s community is admitted with severe bleeding following a massive accident. physician orders blood transfusion but the patient is not ready for blood transfusion. What would be the most appropriate action by the nurse?

Administer blood, even if client is unwilling

Explain the need for blood transfusion

Inform the physician

Obtain the court order

A

Inform the physician

145
Q

Which of the following is a symptom of decreased cardiac output?

Hypotension

Bradycardia

Tachycardia

Hypertension

A

Tachycardia

146
Q

A nurse is assigned to four patients. Which patient will be the nurse first attend?

Patient with abdominal pain and he scheduled for ultrasound

A patient who needs discharge instructions

A patient with tracheostomy, who is having thick secretions

A

A patient with tracheostomy, who is having thick secretions

147
Q

Due to nursing shortage, a nurse from the surgical ward is posted to the medical words. Which patient will the medical nurse assigned to the surgical nurse.

Patient with COPD and have respiratory disease

I diabetic patient who needs a discharge instructions

A patient who just had bronchoscopy

A

A patient who just had bronchoscopy

148
Q

The amount of blood pumped by the ventricle with each heartbeat is?

Cardiac output

Stroke volume

Afterload

Systemic outputs

A

Stroke volume

149
Q

Which vital signs is important in assessing systemic inflammatory response syndrome?

Hypotension or hypertension

Hypothermia or hyperthermia

Oligoria or polyurea

A

Hypothermia and hyperthermia

150
Q

Which of the following can result in postoperative respiratory depression?

Thiazide diuretics

Opioid analgesic

NSAIDS

Loop diuretics

A

Opioid analgesics

151
Q

What is the criteria for switching IV antibiotic therapy to oral antibiotic therapy?

IV access not available.

Five days post commencement of treatment

Patient able to take food and drinks orally

A

Five days post commencement of treatment

152
Q

Adult women is admitted with metabolic acidosis, which set of arterial blood gas should the nurse expect to find in a client with metabolic acidosis.

PH: 7.28 , PCO2: 55, HCO3: 26

PH : 7.50, PCO2: 40, HCO3: 31

PH: 7.48, PCO2: 30, HCO3: 22

PH: 7.30, PCO2: 36, HCO3: 18

A

PH: 7.30, PCO2: 36, HCO3: 18

153
Q

In increased ICP, which position is contraindicated

High Fowlers position

Head up to 35 to 45°

Supine position

A

Heads up to 35 to 45°

154
Q

Least side effects of opioid analgesics

Hypertension

Constipation

Respiratory depression

A

Hypertension

155
Q

Most reliable test for thyroid

TSH

T3 and T4

Serum T3

Thyroid antibodies

A

TSH

156
Q

The nurse find a patient had a fall and had a leg fracture. What will the nurse do first?

Call for x-ray immediately

Immobilized before moving patient

Asked patient to mobilized to check for fractures

A

Immobilized before moving patient

157
Q

Which pathogen contribute more to septic shock

Bacteria

Fungal

Protozoa

Virus

A

Bacteria

158
Q

Trauma, pregnancy, and anticoagulation can cause a risk for?

Aspiration

Pulmonary embolism

Pleuritis

A

Pulmonary embolism

159
Q

Hospital acquired pneumonia is caused by?

Streptococcus pneumonia

Haemophilus influenza

Pseudomonas qurognosa

Staphylococcus aureus

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

160
Q

Most important aspect in handwashing?

Soap

Water

Friction

Time

A

Friction

161
Q

Which among there is not a prerenal cause for acute kidney infection?

Infection

Hemorrhage

A

Infection

162
Q

Nurse in end of life, care, providing care, by polite, compassionate and safe environment, based on which principle?

Professional responsibility and accountability

Trust and confidentiality

Quality of care

Collaboration with others

A

Quality of care

163
Q

Nurse participate in multidisciplinary meeting and provides professional information about patients under her care. Nurse is providing care according to reach principle?

Professional responsibility and accountability

Collaboration with the others

Quality of care

A

Collaboration with others

164
Q

Serum osmolarity is decreased in?

Acute kidney injury

Burns

Meningitis

Head injury

A

Acute kidney injury

165
Q

Which condition to be given priority?

Asthma with breathing difficulty

DM for discharge

Patient for antibiotic therapy

SPO2 with 90% in COPD

A

Asthma with breathing difficulty

166
Q

When engaging in decision, making regarding patient care, nurses follows which principles?

Best practice

Evidence based practice

Standard based practice

A

Evidence based practice

167
Q

Peptic ulcers are thought to be the result of which one of the following?

Genetic defect

Fatty diet

Stress

Helicobacter pylori infection

A

H. pylori infection

168
Q

A patient who sustained a head injury, reacts to supra orbital pressure, removing their hand up to the face. How would you record this response?

Flexion

Decerebration

Extension

Localizing

A

Localizing

169
Q

Nurses and midwives are professionally responsible and accountable for which of the following?

Their practice, attitudes and actions, including in actions and omissions

Showing high standards are professional behavior

Advocating for patients rights

All of the above

A

All of the above

170
Q

The closer or collapse of alveoli is referred to as which of the following?

Atelectasis

Hemothorax

Pleural effusion

A

Atelectasis

171
Q

What is the depth of compression while giving CPR?

2.5 CM.

7 CM

10 CM

5 CM

A

5 CM

172
Q

What is the CPR ratio for each minute?

30 : 2

40 : 2

30 : 3

40: 3

A

30 : 2

173
Q

What is the deficiency of circulatory platelets?

Thrombocytopenia

Hemophilia

Sickle cell anemia

A

Thrombocytopenia

174
Q

The patient has skin tissue injury on leg and fracture has been ruled out post x-ray which of the action is contraindicated?

Elevate extremities

Cold application

Hot application

Rest

A

Hot application

175
Q

Patient have O positive blood group. he can receive?

A or O

AB or A

A or B

O

A

O

176
Q

If you notice reaction during a blood transfusion, what will be the immediate action?

Send sample to lab

Stop transfusion

Inform Doctor

Continue transfusion

A

Stop transfusion

177
Q

A patient with heart failure is on medication, which findings shows that medication is in effective?

Edema in the legs

Hypertension

Headache

A

Edema in the legs

178
Q

An agitated angry patient is at the car with her, what is the nurses appropriate action?

Ask the patient to go to another room

Tell other patients not to speak to the patient

Tell others, you are safe and not to worry

Provide safety for patients and others

A

Provide safety for patients and others

179
Q

What is the Sign of improvement of hypovolemia after IV fluid?

Systolic BP, less than <100

Diastolic more than >90

Urine output more than >30 ML per hour

A

Urine output more than >30 ML per hour

180
Q

What is the appropriate series for abdominal examination?

Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation

Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation

Inspection, palpation, auscultation, percussion

Inspection, auscultation, palpation, percussion

A

Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
( IAPerPa )

181
Q

A CNM is newly introducing a clinical device, but the senior staff nurse is reluctant to use it. How can it be managed?

Explain all consequences

Personally, address her concerns

Address the problem in next staff meeting

Inform the line manager

A

Personally, address her concerns

182
Q

Color of lids of waste bins for chemo therapeutic drugs?

Purple

Blue

Red

Yellow

A

Purple

183
Q

Waste bins gonna be build up to?

2/3rd

3/4th

1/4th

1/2

A

3/4th

184
Q

Which colored bag is used for non-risk waste?

Yellow

Clear

Red

A

Clear

185
Q

Color of waste bin used for infectious waste?

Yellow

Clear

Red

A

Yellow

186
Q

What care should be given to a patient in postoperative care after lung related surgery?

Spirometry

Deep breathing and coughing exercise

Positioning

All of the above

A

All of the above

187
Q

Which condition is not related with accumulation of secretions?

Cystic fibrosis

Pneumonia

Asthma

COPD

A

Asthma

188
Q

After blood loss, patient have anemia, which does not show?

Dyspnea

Tachycardia

Night sweats

A

Night sweats

189
Q

A patient recovering from anesthesia after surgery receive a dose of analgesia just prior to being shifted to the ward. Soon after reaching the ward he complaints of pain and request further dose and analgesia. What would the nurse’s appropriate action?

Ask him to wait for next dose

Document the characteristic of pain

Notify the doctor

Give the next dose of analgesia

A

Notify the doctor

190
Q

What is the most effective method of removing dental plaque?

Dental flossing

Toothbrushing

Intro dental

A

Toothbrushing

191
Q

You are a registered nurse on duty in Saint Monica’s ward. One of your patience, Mr. Murphy’s condition is deteriorating. You are planning to communicate this to his daughter, how will you start the conversation?

Am I speaking to Mr. Murphy’s daughter?

I am a registered nurse calling from Saint Monica ward

I am calling to inform you something serious

A

Am I speaking to Mr. Murphy’s daughter?

192
Q

The patient is in end of life, and you want to inform these to the family. How would you start your conversation?

Can you come here quickly but safely.

Can you come quick

No need to come, visiting hours are finish

A

Can you come here quickly but safely

193
Q

After many years of hard work, you’ve got your dream job at what level of Maslow hierarchy does this include?

Self actualization

Love in belongingness

Safety needs

Psychological needs

A

Self actualization

194
Q

While you assess GCS, patient does not obey commands but flexes his hands. what should be your next action?

Sternal rub

Localizes pain

Supraorbital ridge pressing

Normal flexion

A

Supraorbital ridge pressing

195
Q

What is the common type of ulcer in plantar region?

Pressure ulcer

Diabetic ulcer

Arterial ulcer

Venous ulcer

A

Diabetic ulcer

196
Q

Digitalis cause hypokalemia. The presenting symptoms of hypokalemia is.?

Fatigue

Constipation

Hematuria

A

Fatigue

197
Q

After alcohol withdrawal, which beverage to be restricted?

Coffee

Carbonated drinks

Citrus drinks

A

Coffee

198
Q

While accompanying a patient with stroke, a nurse should stand on which side?

Weak side

Good side

Right side

A

Weak side

199
Q

Immediate complication of MI after 24 hours?

Ventricular arrhythmia

Pulmonary embolism

Death

Heart failure

A

Ventricular arrhythmia

200
Q

Mr. Joanne is dying and you are informing to her daughter. What is the first thing you were going to ask her daughter?

I am calling with bad news

I am calling it. Bad news regarding your mother.

Am I speaking to Jones daughter?

A

Am I speaking to John’s daughter?

201
Q

Delusion of grandeur means?

Feeling of importance

Delusion of persecution

A

Feeling of importance

202
Q

A person is with dementia talks. But in between he forgets in add imaginary information, what is this condition?

Associative loosening

Confabulation

Flight of ideas

A

Confabulation

203
Q

A patient is diagnosed with chronic cancer, says, “ I want to live till the marriage of my granddaughter” according to Elizabeth Kubler Ross grief model, which stage is this?

Anger

Denial

Bargaining

Acceptance

A

Bargaining

204
Q

The patient feels a false sensation.

Delusion

Hallucination

Mania

A

Hallucination

205
Q

What is the cause of pain in arterial ulcer in natural malleolus is due to?

Edema

Ischemia

Infection

A

Ischemia

206
Q

Which is not indicated immediately of the end of seizure activity?

Stay with a patient

Reassure the patient

Check the vital signs

Give a glass of water to drink

A

Give a glass of water to drink

207
Q

Which condition is to be given highest priority?

Asthma with breathing difficulty

DM for discharge

Patient an antibiotic therapy

COPD with oxygen saturation of 90%

A

Asthma with breathing difficulty

208
Q

A nurse, respects, beliefs, priority, and preference of a patient. Which principal is she following?

Professional responsibility and accountability

Respect the dignity of the person

Quality of practice

A

Respect the dignity of the person

209
Q

What is the serious side effect of a opioid analgesics?

Respiratory depression

Tachycardia

Hypertension

A

Respiratory depression

210
Q

Prioritize the patient.

Patient with fourth stage pressure ulcer

Tracheostomy with severe secretions

CPAP patient for sputum collection

Patient with abdominal pain

A

Tracheostomy with severe secretions

211
Q

Which statement is true about female urethra?

It is straight

Position posterior to vagina

It is short

A

Position posterior to vagina

212
Q

One of the patients in the ward develop constipation a side effect of a drug. Which is the drug?

Ferrous fumarate

Furosemide

Atorvastatin

A

Ferrous fumarate

213
Q

Whats the correct order of grief cycle

A

Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
(DABDA)

214
Q

What is the immediate measurement after fracture?

Mobilization

Immobilization

A

Immobilization

215
Q

What do you mean by emotional resilience?

Once ability to adapt to stressful situation or crisis

Unable to adapt to stressful situation

A

Once ability to adapt to stressful situation or crisis

216
Q

A patient condition can be disclosed to?

Another registered nurse, who is not working in your ward

A student under your supervision

A porter or who knows this patient

Physiotherapy who is consulting next patient

A

A student under your supervision

217
Q

Aspergillus belongs to which category?

Bacterial

Virus

Fungus

Parasitic

A

Fungus

218
Q

Roundworm belongs to each category?

Bacteria

Virus

Fungus

Parasitic

A

Parasitic

219
Q

Hepatitis B belongs to each category?

Bacteria

Virus

Fungus

Parasitic

A

Virus

220
Q

Staphylococcus aureus belongs to which category?

Bacteria

Virus

Parasitic

Fungus

A

Bacteria

221
Q

What is the concentration of sodium hypo chloride solution for blood spillage?

1,000 ppm

10,000 ppm

100,000 ppm

A

10,000 ppm

222
Q

What is the concentration of sodium hydrochloride solution for body fluids?

1,000 ppm

10,000 ppm

100,000 ppm

A

1,000 ppm

223
Q

Soiled linens, is placed in which bag?

Yellow

Red

Orange

A

Red

224
Q

RBC’s can be kept for how many days?

52 days

42 days

35 days

A

42 days

225
Q

Genetic disorder of anemia?

Aplastic anemia

Sickle cell anemia

Folic acid deficiency anemia

Iron deficiency anemia

A

Sickle cell anemia

226
Q

What anemia, that results when bone marrow fails to generate new blood cells

Aplastic anemia

Sickle cell anemia

A

Aplastic anemia

227
Q

An effective way to gather information on pain

Tell me how you feel now

Did your pain increase while coughing?

Points of exact location of pain

Ask about severity of pain

A

Tell me how you feel now

228
Q

Which one is not a symptom of alcohol withdrawal?

Agitation

Anxiety

Delirium

Hunger

A

Hunger

229
Q

A client says that he wants to stop smoking. Which stage of change it indicate.

Action

Preparation

Contemplation

Precontemplation

A

Preparation

230
Q

Identify the connecting tissue between the bone in a muscle?

Tendon

Ligament

Skin

Cells

A

Tendon

231
Q

Which vitamin is needed for collagen synthesis?

Vitamin A

Vitamin B

Vitamin C

Vitamin K

A

Vitamin C

232
Q

How many stages are in wound healing?

4

5

3

A

4

233
Q

What causes an ascites in cirrhosis?

Osmotic pressure

Pressure in portal vein

Bile salt

Formation of albumin

A

Pressure in portal vein

234
Q

Dietary fiber diet is a?

Stimulant

Stool softener

Bulk former

Laxative

A

Bulk former

235
Q

After a colostomy, a client questions about lifestyle changes. The nurse will refer the client to?

Social worker

Stoma care nurse

Dietitian

A

Stoma care nurse

236
Q

Diet for G.I. bleeding patients

NPO

Sips of water

Liquid diet

Soft diet

A

NPO

237
Q

According to Maslow’s hierarchy, which is the most priority needs?

Physiological

Safety needs

Loving belongingness

Self-esteem

A

Physiological

238
Q

Position for patient who had undergone hip replacement for lower limbs?

Abduction

Adduction

Section

Neutral

A

Abduction

239
Q

According to Kubler, stages of grief, death, severe loss and sadness are characterized in which stage?

Depression

Anger

Denial

Acceptance

A

Depression

240
Q

Emotional, psychological, spiritual data, collected in which nursing process step?

Implementation

Assessments

Planning

Evaluation

A

Assessments

Data are collected

241
Q

A patient undergoing ORIF with drain and sutures in situ after 48 hours what not to expect?

Bloody discharge

Redness

Purulent discharge

Mucus discharge

A

Purulent discharge

242
Q

What’s the first management in acute epistaxis?

Head tilt back

Hot application

Pinch the nose

Head down between knees

A

Pinch the nose

243
Q

A woman comes to ER after RTA. She’s extremely anxious. What would be the appropriate response from the nurse?

Stay with a patient

Empathy

Silence

Allow the patient expressed her concerns

A

Allow the patient expressed her concerns

244
Q

Which, among the following CANNOT be seen in Venous ulcers?

Heavy exudate

Superficial

Gangrene

Pale wound bed

A

Gangrene

245
Q

A patient is with ulcer at lateral malleolus having pain is due to?

Infection

Trauma

Ischemia

Edema

A

Edema

246
Q

A patient is having amnesia after head injury. Which artery of the brain is affected?

Posterior cerebral artery

Anterior cerebral artery

Carotid artery

Basilar artery

A

Posterior cerebral artery

247
Q

Identify the monster grade for normal flexion in GCS

Motor 2

Motor 4

Motor 6

A

Motor 4

248
Q

An 85 year old lady admitted with severe ecchymosis bruises in the skin over arms. What may be the reason?

Increase capillary permeability

Elderly abuse

Self inflict

Infection

A

Elderly abuse

249
Q

What is NOT found in arterial ulcer?

Deep wound bed

Superficial wound bed

Gangrene

A

Deep wound bed

250
Q

Where to begin discharge planning?

At the time of admission

With a patient stable

At the time of discharge

A

At the time of admission

251
Q

Which is NOT a characteristic of Venous ulcer?

Heavy thick exudate

Superficial wound bed

Deep wound bed

A

Deep wound bed

252
Q

The rules and responsibilities of nurses are influenced by which paradigm?

System model

Developmental Model

Behavioral

Medical

A

Developmental Model

253
Q

While educating regarding exercise, the least consideration should be given for?

Age

Race

Gender

Physical ability

A

Race

254
Q

What is the causes of TB?

Malnutrition

Poverty

Overcrowding

All of the above

A

All of the above

255
Q

Pain on ulcers at medial malleolus is due to?

Ischemia

Infection

Edema

A

Ischemia

Rcsi Theory Exam (2 decks)

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