Theorists Flashcards
Trait and factor matching theory
EG Williamson based on frank parsons (father of guidance)
Relies on tests and assessments to match traits, aptitude, and interests with a given occupation.
7 stages
PEF analysis (person environment fit)
Holland
6 personality and 6 work environments career typology
A hexagon that includes 6 personality types/work environments:
- Realistic (machine worker or dog walker)
- Investigative (researcher or chemist)
- Artistic (singer or book author)
- Social (teacher or counselor)
- Enterprising (sales of business)
- Conventional (secretary or file clerk)
RIASEC
Conference between the person and the job emphasized
Person is categorized using 3 digit codes
Super
Self concept and developmental stage theory
Lifespan/life space model
Self concept as well as career naturally influence your career over your lifespan
Life rainbow with roles as child, student, leisurite, citizen, spouse, worker, homemaker, parent, pensioner
Supers developmental stages: growth (birth -15) exploratory (15-24) establishment Maintenence Decline
Anne Roe
Early childhoods needs theory
- vocational choice related to personality development at a young age
- is the client person oriented (teaching) or non person oriented (computer programming)
- influences by Freudian psychoanalytic thoughts on importance of parent child relationships and Maslow
Vocational Interest Inventory (VII) and the career occupational preference system use her theory
Krumboltz
Learning theory of career counseling
Initially dubbed social learning theory
4 factors for career development:
Genetic endowment and abilities
Environmental conditions and life events
Learning experiences
Task approach skills ( problem solving, emotional patterns)
Savickas
Career construction post modern theory
Worked with super
Heavily rooted in narrative therapy and seeks to help client find recurrent themes in their “story” as intervention and to rewrite the story
Gottfredson
Theory of curcumscription and compromise
- phase one, rule out certain jobs not acceptable for gender, stereotypes, and social class
- phase two, change mind/major if career path is unrealistic
- developmental and takes childhood into account
- takes into account social space or the zone of jobs where he or she fits in society
History of career
6 stages
-Stage 1 (1890-1919) began the growth of placement services in urban areas to meet the needs of growing industrial organisations
-Stage 2 (1920-1939) marked the growth of educational guidance in elementary and secondary schools
- Stage 3 (1940-1959) was a time of significant grown in guidance needs in colleges and universities and in the training of counselors
-Stage 4 (1960-1979) organisational career development, work viewed as very pervasive life role
Stage 5 (1980-1989) significant transitions brought on by information technology and the beginning of career counselling private practice and outplacement
Stage6- (1990-present) a time of changing demographics, beginning of multicultural considerations, technology, and school to work transitions
Parsons
father of the career guidance movement, boston
1908, 3 point formulated conceptual framework of counselling:
first a clear understanding of self, aptitudes, abilities,resources, limitations, and qualities
second, a knowledge of the requirements and conditions of success, advantages and disadvantages, compensation, opportunities, and prospects in different lines of work
third, true reasoning on the relations of these two groups of facts
First national conference
boston 1910
National Vovational Guidance Association (NVGA)
1913
Career Models
5 of these
- trait and factor
- developmental model
- learning theory model
- cognitive approach model
- multicultural model
Developmental Model
promoting career development over the lifespan
lifelong process
5 life stages: growth, exploration, establishment, maintanence, disengagement
realistic self concept is essential
Learning theory Model
uses learning interventions to improve each clients skills and other personal characteristics
client is exploring possibilities with help of therapist
krumboltz
7 stages 1. Interview 2. Assesment 3. Generate activities 4. Collect information 5. Share information and estimate consequences 6 reevaluate, decide tentative, or recycle 7. job search strategies
Cognitive Approach Model
individual learning plans and cognitive restructuring
CIP, career information processing
Peterson
-career choice as a problem solving activity
-information processing is a key skill in career exploration
-self knowledge and occupational knowledge are essential
- CIP is a learning event, individual learning plans provide a sequence of activity that jointly planned
