theorists Flashcards
MEDIA LANG
Barthes -semiotics theory
all elements of a media text are codes that need to be read. these can all be understoon as the thing they arre (denotative level) and the responses they create (connotative level).
MEDIA LANG
Claude levi-Strauss structuralism
binary opositions- binary opposites help to thicken the plot and further the narrative; and introduce contrast.
MEDIA LANG
Todorov- narratology
Narrative- curve
equilibrium, disruption, recognition, resolution, and new equilibrium.
media lang
neales- genre theory
Repitition and difference
genre hybridity
Genres change or decline in popularity.
media lang
Baudrillard- postmodernism
Randomness
Popular culture
remember postmodern techniques:
non linear narrative
self reflexive (refers to itself meta) eg breaking the 4th wall, genre hybridity
Irony/plasttiche- make fun of itself
Adverts eg old spice
media representation
Halls- Representation
-medialanguage is used to create representations
-stereotyping is often used to assert power
rep
Gilroy- Postcolonial theory
black communities-are seen as ‘other’, and are associated with criminal activity and lawlessness.
Britain has failed to mourn its loss of empire, creating post-colonial melancholia.
rep
Van Zoonen- Feminist theory
-the female body is seen as an object/spectacle
-male gaze
-active/passive representations
-patriarchy
-objectification
-subversive representations
rep
bell hooks- intersectionality
- Women should develop an oppositional gaze that refuses to identify with characters that reinforce patriarchal ideologies– particularly important for Black women
rep
butlers- gender performance
our gender identitiies are not naturally given but constructed through repitition.
rep
gauntlett media and identity
we use the internet and other media texts to help us creaate our identity. we now have more of a variety of representations to identify with
media industries
curann and seaton - ownership effects
the media is controlled by a small number of companies that make products to create profits and gain power
the idea that media concentration generally limits creativity and quality
diverse ownership creates diverse products
media industries
hesmondhalgh - the cultural industry
maximizing profits and minimizing risks
bandura - media modelling effects
audiences learn through constant observation of media
gerbners - cultivation
-the more we see the same representations and messages the more we believe they are true
hall - reception theory
producers want audiennces to respond in a particular way to a text.
-preferred, negotiated and oppositional readings
jenkins - Fandom
fans produce a variety of different products relating to certain media text and then share it with a like minded community
shirky - the end of audience
- everybody makes the media — producers and audiences have become more of collaborative partners instead of not being involved at all
livingstone aand lunt - regulation
-the challenge of regulation in the age of globalized media
Regulating media industries is hard, made more difficult to control of technology and the publics send choice.
Livingston and lunt
