Theorists

Question 1

Roland Barthes

Answer 1

Texts communicate their meanings through a process of signification and denotation.

Question 2

Tzvetan Todorov

Answer 2

Idea that every narrative all share the same basic structure.
Equilibrium and disequilibrium

Question 3

Steve Neale

Answer 3

Genre theory- genres are dominated by repetition but also by difference, variation and change
They may borrow and overlap other genres to change over time

Question 4

Levi-strauss

Answer 4

Structuralism - Texts are best understood through examining underlying structure
Dependant on binary oppositions

Question 5

Stuart Hall

Answer 5

Representation- Stereotyping, representation is a production of meaning through language.
Stereotyping reduces people down to small characteristics

Question 6

David Gauntlett

Answer 6

Identity- Media produce tools for us to construct identities within texts
The past used to give straightforward ideas of men and women, while now it’s very different

Question 7

Liesbet Van Zoonen

Answer 7

Gender is constructed through discourse

Idea that in media, women’s bodies are objects to look at in a patriarchal culture.

Question 8

bell hooks

Answer 8

feminism is a political commitment
The struggle to end sexist and patriarchal oppression
idea that race and class also differ in how you are treated

Question 9

Judith Butler

Answer 9

Idea that gender is a social construct

Question 10

Albert Bandura

Answer 10

Media implants ideas in the minds of an audience.

media representations of things like violence may make viewers reflect that behaviour too

Question 11

George Gerner

Answer 11

repeated patterns of representation over time shape and influence how ppl view the world

Question 12

Reception theory

Answer 12

encoding by producers and decoded by audiences

Question 13

Henry jenkins

Answer 13

Fans are active participants in the construction and circulation pd textual meanings