Theorising Sociology: Some Perspectives

Question 1

Functionalism

Answer 1

Social processes or institutions are understood in terms of their contribution to the operation of society
Tend to deny structural inequalities and meanings or definitions of situations
Can be too rigid and scientific

Question 2

Conflict Theory

Answer 2

Marxist and other radicals
Focus on material inequalities within society
Change rather than stability

Question 3

Symbolic Interactionism

Answer 3

Construction of society through everyday interaction and communication between individuals.
Focus on the way that actors perform roles and social identities and negotiate meaning
Criticised for neglecting social structure in terms of individuals, action and culture

Question 4

Social constructism

Answer 4

Nothing natural or innate; constantly reconstructed