Theories Terms Flashcards
Which theory puts a focus on the Here and Now
Gestalt
Reparative experiences with the therapist
Object Relations/Psychodynamic
Identify Unique Outcomes
Narrative
Emphasis on finding solutions, not on discovering the cause or origins of the problem
Solution Focused
Therapist is nondirective
Client Centered/Humanistic
Change occurs through action-oriented directives
Strategic
Restructure the family’s organization
Structural
Philosophical meaning in the face of anxiety
Existential
Change occurs by learning to modify dysfunctional thought patterns
CBT
Increase the client’s awareness in the present moment
Gestalt
Insight-Oriented
Object Relations/Psychodynamic
Choosing to think and act authentically and responsibly
Existential
Enlist a witness
Narrative
Accessing client’s strengths and resources
Solution-Focused
Paradoxical Interventions
Strategic
Systematic desensitization
CBT
Exploring experience by description
Gestalt
Emphasis on transference and countertransference
Object Relations/Psychodynamic
Finding alternatives: Clients review all possible options and alternatives for either interpreting a situation or resolving a problem.
CBT
Empty Chair Technique
Gestalt
Thought record
CBT
Projection Identification
Object relations/Psychodynamic
Restraining: The therapist will discourage change or changing too quickly in an effort to elicit the desire to change from the client.
Strategic
Client confronts anxiety inherent in living
Existential
Mimesis: The therapist tracks the family’s style of communication and uses it.
Structural
Increase congruent communication
Satir/Communications
Understanding multigenerational dynamics
Bowen
Relaxation techniques
CBT
Exception question
Solution Focused
Unbalancing
Structural
Maladaptive automatic thoughts
CBT
Congruence/genuineness
Client Centered/Humanistic
Anxiety is part of the human condition
Existential
Promote insight and growth through interpretation
Object Relations/Psychodynamic
Miracle Question
Solution Focused
Telling, talking about, and naming emotional pain places the emotional experience into the world of mutual encounter, where the relationship between client and practitioner can be used to process the situation with increased support.
Existential
Family life chronology: Gathering history as far back as possible. Include: ideology,
values, rules, disruptions, moves, and major events. What the family has been through and how those events impact the family. How past events and unresolved issues are carried out presently.
Satir/Communications
Prescribing the symptoms
Strategic
Deconstruct problem-saturated stories
Narrative
Honoring the pain
Existential
Enactment
Structural
Differentiation
Bowen
Monitor thoughts and moods
CBT
Scaling Questions
Solution-Focused
Ordeals: Particular type of symptom prescription in which clients are encouraged to
carry out harmless but unpleasant tasks whenever symptoms occur;
Strategic
Reduce anxiety and emotional turmoil in family system
Bowen
Experiments: Encourages the clients to experience their feelings rather than just talk about them.
Gestalt
Rearrange how people sit together in the room
Structural
Establish a holding environment
Object Relations/Psychodynamic
Family Sculpting: people into a spatial metaphor – a physical representation of
family members characterizations.
Satir/Communications
Coping questions
Solution Focused
Affirmations/Compliments: Regularly acknowledge progress, strengths, and resources.
Example: Tell the client, “I am impressed you are sitting in that chair again after what you just went through.”
Solution Focused
Everyone must accept the responsibility that comes with freedom
Existential
Therapist is directive
Strategic
Unconditional Positive regard
Client Centered/Humanistic
Body awareness
Gestalt
Empathy
Client Centered/Humanistic
Self-actualization
Client Centered/Humanistic
Facilitated detriangulation
Bowen
Exposure
CBT
Understand problem’s effects
Narrative
Labeling distortions
CBT
Teach “I” statements
Satir/Communications AND Bowen
Emotional Cutoff
Bowen
Three-column Technique
CBT
Reframing family dynamic as “problem”
Structural
Separate patient from problem
Narrative
Boundary making
Structural
Self-acceptance
Client-Centered/Humanistic
Write a letter to self and others
Narrative
Boundary making
Structural
Mindfulness
DBT
Homeostasis
General Systems Theory
What theory puts an emphasis on self-acceptance?
Client Centered/Humanistic
What do we provide unconditional positive regard to in Client Centered/Humanistic?
The client, NOT their symptoms
Circular Questioning: Asking questions to find out what happens next and how it is responded to
Systems, finding out what happens after something occurs, and asking to see how the system responds, and continuing the cycle of questioning, Cause and Effect circle
The person has easy access to a wide range of feelings and
memories, positive and negative. Has a balanced view of parents and has worked
through hurt and anger from the past. Has developed a strong sense of self and
empathy for others.
Secured Attachment
The person is still embroiled with anger and hurt at
parents. They sometimes value intimacy to such an extent that they become overly
dependent on the attachment figure both past and present. They often recall role
reversal in childhood and have a hard time seeing their own responsibility in
relationships. They dread abandonment.
Preoccupied/Anxious Attachment
The person dismisses the importance of love and
connection– and the value of emotions in general. Often idealizes parents, but actual
memories don’t corroborate. They dislike looking inward and often have a shallow, if any, self-reflection. They often are very independent, dismissive of their own emotionality, and have difficulty tolerating the heightened emotions of others.
Dismissive/Avoidant Attachment
The person usually has a history of trauma and or loss.
Similar to Dismissive/Avoidant, they dismiss the importance of love and connection but usually out of fear or a belief that they are unworthy of love. They have difficulty trusting others and may feel uncomfortable with emotional closeness.
Fearful/Avoidant Attachment:
This theory puts an emphasis on providing a secure base for the client by demonstrating empathy and care.
Attachment-Based Therapy
This theory puts an emphasis on disruptions in the client’s life, especially those in early life and in current relationships, including the relationship with the therapist.
Supporting the client in regulating and expressing emotions in relationally difficult situations.
Attachment-Based Therapy
What does Motivational Interviewing focus on
Motivational interviewing emphasizes providing empathy and rolling with the client’s resistance
Holding to the structure and boundaries of the treatment unit
Psychodynamic
When you have a question regarding group therapy, the best answer will include engagement of the entire group. The exceptions to this general rule would include…
a group member who has a personal need that is unrelated to the group or if there are safety concerns.
