Theories Part 1 Flashcards
What is a theory?
Principles used to interpret circumstances or facts.
What is Pedagogy?
The art of teaching children.
What is Andragogy?
The art of helping adults learn.
John Bowlby
- first researcher in attachment theory
- believed attachment was all or nothing
Ainsworth
Determined 3 types of attachment:
- Secure
- Ambivalent
- Avoidant
Attachment Theory
Early responsive and nurturing care teaches infants:
- the world is a safe place
- needs will be met
- provides foundation for successful social-emotional development throughout life
Behaviorism Theory
- experience guides development and behavior
- system of rewards and punishment
John Locke
- parents are primary educators
- children learn through experiences
- play is primary exp
- Tabula Rasa: “blank slate”
Ivan Pavlov
Classical Conditioning: creates learning through repeated experiences.
John Watson
Behaviorism: experience guides behavior and development.
Psychoanalytical Theory
- exploration of the unconscious mind
- all thoughts and activities are influenced by it
Sigmund Freud
- theorized that psychological development in childhood takes place in series of stages
- believe first 5 yrs of life shape adult personality
- all people are made up of id, ego, and superego
Cognitive Developmental Theory
Explains how people think and process information.
Jean Piaget
Constructivism Theory
- studied development of his 3 kids
- believed children actively construct own knowledge by exploration and activities
Stages
Sensorimotor (birth-2yrs)
Preoperational (2-7yrs)
Concrete Operations (7-11yrs)
Formal Operations (11-beyond)
