Theories on Gender Development

Question 1

It is a process by which a person builds his or
her sense of self within the context of
the gender norms expected by his or
her community

Answer 1

GENDER DEVELOPMENT

Question 2

These are traits or behavior that are generally associated with either being a male or female .

It dictates gender roles

Answer 2

GENDER NORMS

Question 2

A process of how a person expresses their
femininity or masculinity as influenced
by nature and nurture

Answer 2

GENDER DEVELOPMENT

Question 2

The person’s body and behavior
looks like a typical male or female, but
their chromosomes do not align to their
birth sex

Answer 2

ATYPICAL CHROMOSOME

Question 2

It is one of the earliest approaches on explaining the physical and behavioral development of a man and a woman.

It specifies that:

“ gender development begins at
fertilization and is a result of biological
processes mainly in two ways:
chromosomes and hormones”

Answer 2

BIOLOGICAL THEORIES OF GENDER

Question 2

these are said responsible for feminine traits such as being caring and nurturing. Having traits that are “Homey” rather than physical and aggressive

Answer 2

XX CHROMOSOMES (FEMALE)

Question 2

A condition when the Y chromosome does not carry the SRY gene or that SRY gene does not activate.

Answer 2

SWYER SYNDROME

Question 2

She quoted that “One is not born, but rather becomes , woman”

Answer 2

SIMONE DE BEAUVOIR

Question 2

He Introduced the distinction
between terms, with sex as
biological and gender as a role,
in 1955

Answer 2

PSYCHOLOGIST JOHN MOONEY

Question 2

This theory posited that masculine and feminine traits are already coded in the chromosomes

Answer 2

BIOLOGICAL THEORY

Question 2

A major androgen hormone in males. It controls the development of male sex hormones.

Claimed to influence specific areas in brain
development associated with masculine,
behavior such as competitiveness, spatial
skills, and aggressiveness, among others

Answer 2

TESTOSTERONE

Question 2

This contains genes responsible for
masculine traits such as aggressiveness,
competitive, risk takers among other

Answer 2

XY CHROMOSOMES (Male)

Question 2

A condition in which the person is biologically male and has the physical appearance of a
male. However, the person carries and
extra X chromosome in his chromosomal
pairing.

Physical appearance is a male, the extra X chromosome cause less body hair, undeveloped genitals, and shows breast development

Answer 2

KLINEFELTER’S SYNDROME

Question 2

An example of a person with SWYER syndrome

Answer 2

Jeanne Nollman

Question 2

This determine how girls and boys behave

Answer 2

HORMONES

Question 3

It is a hormone present in both men and women. However, it is typically assigned as a male hormone

Answer 3

ANDROGEN

Question 3

It is primarily a female hormone. It determines female sexual characteristics.

> Linked in the development of
feminine body shapes and facial
features

> Found to enhance feelings of
intimacy , attachment and the desire
to have more children

Answer 3

ESTROGEN

Question 3

During this society, the equality between men and women was maintained by giving them different tasks. The hunting gathering and substance farming activities of most preindustrial societies, role specialization according to gender was considered a functional necessity. Men were frequently away from home who are responsible for hunting roles to provide food for the family. Women’s functional roles are more limited to pregnancy, childbirth, and nursing.

Answer 3

PREINDUSTRIAL SOCIETY

Question 3

In this society, the father is expected to conserve the integrity of the family by providing food and shelter to his family. When the mother takes a dramatic role, she is expected to maintain healthy relationships and provide emotional support and nurturing activities that ensure the household runs smoothly

Answer 3

CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY

Question 3

It explains that human behavior is the
result of a person’s unconscious
psychological processes, and that the
adult personality is crucially shaped by
childhood experiences

Answer 3

PSYCHODYNAMIC THEORY

Question 3

A sexual drive or activity

Energy that comes from drives or instincts that direct behavior

Answer 3

LIBIDO

Question 3

In this theory, the focal argument is that he human brain learned. It evolved and gained abilities that increase survival chances

Answer 3

EVOLUTIONARY THEORY

Question 3

It asserts that people do not respond directly to the world around them, but to the meaning they bring to it (Stark,2007) This perspective also explains that gender roles are learned through socialization process wherein women are socialized into expressive roles and men are socialized into instrumental roles.

Answer 3

SYMBOLIC INTERACTION PERSPECTIVE

Question 3

It controls risky behaviors such as aggression.

Answer 3

DEATH DRIVE

Question 3

It is theorized that a child’s gender development is driven by their cognitive understanding of gender

Answer 3

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY

Question 3

It refers to feelings of
love or affection. These are
impulses that drive us to
connect to other people.

Answer 3

LIFE DRIVE

Question 4

This theory posits that
socialization is responsible for
gender development and not
biological influences

It views the environment as the
primary initiator of the child’s
development.

Answer 4

SOCIALIZATION THEORY

Question 4

It posits that portions of an individual’s
knowledge acquisition can be directly
related to “observing” others within the
context of social interactions, experiences
and outside media influences

Answer 4

SOCIAL-COGNITIVE THEORY

Question 4

This theory explains that society is a stage on which struggles for power and dominance are acted out . This assumption can be applied to the family and, by extension, to gender roles . Its continued domination by males requires a belief system that supports gender inequality, such as women are inferior outside the home, but they are more valuable inside the home

Answer 4

CONFLICT PERSPECTIVE

Question 4

This theory argues that society is made up of symbiotic parts, which contributes to the functioning of the whole society. It asks how any given element of social structure contributes to overall social stability and balance. (Thio, 2008)

Answer 4

STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONALIST PERSPECTIVE