Theories of the family

Question 1

Socialisation - Functionalist (Parsons)

Answer 1

• The family teaches basic norms and values integrating them into society
• In the traditional nuclear family the mother does the expressive role so carries out this function eg. manners
• Creates social solidarity

Question 2

Economic - Functionalist

Answer 2

• Family is a unit which meets the economic needs of its members (Murdock)
• Parson’s warm bath theory argues the family relieves tensions and allows the breadwinner to return to work and continue his role efficiently

Question 3

Reproduction - Functionalist

Answer 3

• The family has a key role in reproducing the next generation for society to continue (Murdock)

Question 4

Sexual regulation - Functionalist (Murdock)

Answer 4

• The role of the family is to satisfy the adult sex drive in a stable manner through the monogamous marriage
• This prevents social disruption that would be caused otherwise if there was a sexual ‘free for all’ eg. adultery

Question 5

Socialisation - Marxist (Althusser)

Answer 5

• The family is an ideological state apparatus (tool used to brainwash and control), passing on the norms and values of capitalism
• Parental power over children accustoms them to the idea that there always has to be someone in charge (bourgeoisie) and prepares them for working life eg. hierarchy