theories of representation Flashcards
Burkean/Trustee Model
Associated with the view of Edmund Burke, this theory states that electors should trust their MP to work in their best interest. MPs are elected based on their own merits. Therefore, whilst taking into the account the views of constituents is important, they should ultimately use their own judgement in decision-making.
In 2019, Conservative MP Anna Soubry defected and created her own political party, Change UK. Soubry was critical of Brexit, and disagreed with the way that the Conservative Party were pushing through with the change. She said that it was in the interest of her constituents that she challenge the party. However, at the subsequent general election she lost the seat.
Delegate Model
opposite of trustees, believing that MPs should be delegates for their constituents and echo their opinion exactly. The theory states that since MPs are elected by constituents, they should work to ensure their voices are heard.
Zac Goldsmith, former Conservative MP for Richmond Park (SW London) resigned in 2016 in opposition to the construction of a third runway at Heathrow Airport, something his constituents are very passionate about as they live near to the airport. He stood as an independent candidate in the subsequent by-election but lost, suggesting that many members of the public don’t accept the delegate model.
Mandate Theory
The primary role of an MP is to carry out the manifesto pledges they have a mandate to. This is a fairly popular model in the UK, particularly with the high levels of party politics in Westminster (whips, senior positions for loyal members, etc). The population tend to vote based on policies set out in party manifestos, so MPs should work in the best interest of the manifesto that got them elected.
