Theories of religion Flashcards
What are the 3 definitions of religion called and who created them?
(Not the definition but their names)
Substantive - Weber
Functional - Yinger and Durkheim
Constructionism - Aldridge
Yinger’s Functional definition of religion
Religion answers the ultimate questions
Durkheim’s Functional definition of religion
Religion is not a specific belief in God or the supernatural but more of a contribution to social interaction and social integration.
Weber’s Substantive definition of religion
Religion is a belief in a superior or supernatural power that cannot be explained scientifically. (above nature)
Aldrige’s Social Constructionist definition of religion
Religion is different for every individual, it can be constructed, challenged and fought over.
What feminist talks about religious forms of feminism?
She also argues that religion is not just oppressive of women
Woodhead
“Society re-shaped and influenced religion in favour of male dominance. This happened through misinterpretation of sacred texts and monotheism.”
What feminist said that?
Saadawe
In early history women were considered more spiritual.
What feminist found that?
Armstrong
What feminist argued that women also use religion to gain status in their private sphere?
Brusco
Durkheim’s finding on totemism and society
When clan members worship their totem, they are in reality worshipping society. The totem resonates the power of the group.
Who argues that religion has a psychological function for helping people to cope with emotional distress?
Malinowski
What does Bellah say constitutes civil religion?
Some aspects of traditional religion such as artifacts, texts, cerimonies and rituals as well as parts of their national identity such as thanksgiving and independence day
‘Civil religion’
What does Pearson have to say about the function of religion?
- Religion helps people deal with life crisis.
