Theories of power Flashcards
Name the three theories
Modernisation, Dependency and World systems
Modernisation theory was developed by (1) in (2) as a response to (3) to explain why capitalism will end (4) as traditional (5) of a poorer nation inhibits development
1 - Rostow 2 - 1960s 3 - communism 4 - poverty 5 - family values
Name the six stages of modernisation theory
1 - traditional society 2 - preconditions for take off 3 - take off 4 - drive to maturity 5 - high mass consumption 6 - post consumer society
Describe the first stage of modernisation theory
Traditional society - based on subsidence farming, bartering and limited technology
What happens between the first and second stage of modernisation theory?
Transition is triggered by external influence and markets
Describe the second stage of modernisation theory
Preconditions for take off - Conditions for development include profits from farming and infrastructure e.g. comms network develop
What happens between the second and third stage of the modernisation theory?
Installation of physical infrastructure and emergence of an elite class
Describe stage three of the modernisation theory
Take off - development of a manufacturing industry and cultural change as a result of the industrial revolution
What happens between the third and fourth stage of modernisation theory?
Investment in manufacturing exceeds 10% of national income and development of modern institutes
Describe the fourth stage of the modernisation theory
Drive to maturity - development of industrial and consumer base
What happens between the fourth and fifth stage of the modernisation theory?
International trade
Describe the fifth stage of the modernisation theory
High mass consumption - Welfare systems are fully developed
Describe the possible sixth stage of the modernisation theory
Post consumer society - maximises leisure time and strong internet links
Give some criticisms of modernisation theory
- Treats LEDCs as homogenous (having the same characteristics) and neglect cultural differences
- Some countries decrease in development e.g. debt
- Asian tiger economies combined traditional culture and western capitalism - rapid £ growth
- Ecological limits to growth e.g. mining/ deforestation destructive to environment
In dependency theory, what do core developed countries take from peripheral developing countries?
- Brain drain
- Raw materials
- Political support
- Debt repayment
In dependency theory, what do peripheral developing countries get from core developed countries?
- Manufactured goods
- Aid
- Polluting industry
- Political ideologies
How does dependency theory suggest countries can develop?
Retain primary products and invest in processing which adds value and employment
How does dependency theory suggest that terms of trade go against periphery countries?
Tariffs maintain poverty and low profit deters investment
What are the three zones included in world systems theory?
Core, periphery and semi-periphery
In World Systems theory, what are the core regions?
- Drive the world’s economy
- Developed countries financed by a wealthy farming industry
- Despite global shift to China and India, the western core owns and consumes 75% of global goods
What are peripheral areas in world systems theory?
- lack capital and rely on core region exports
- largely results from colonialism
- unequal colonial trade as core profited from periphery raw materials
Describe semi periphery countries in World Systems theory
- Industrialising
- Mostly capitalist
- Major role in mediating economic, political and social activities that link core and periphery countries
