Theories of Motor Control Flashcards
what is the concept behind reflex theory?
complex behavior is a chain of reflexes
what are the limitations of reflex theory?
what about initiation/ motivation/ context? doesn’t explain rapid or new movements
how did reflex theory influence PT?
testing reflexes should predict function.
**movement behaviors can be interpreted based on presence or absence of reflexes
**retraining for fn would focus on reducing reflex effects during motor tasks
what is the concept behind OLD hierarchical theory?
cortex rules all and injury causes the body to function via lower levels of the brainstem. CNS pathology> persistent prim reflexes
how did hierarchical theory influence PT?
neuromaturational theory of development (baby behaviors)
what is the concept behind CURRENT hierarchical theory?
reflexes are one of many processes (top-down and bottom-up) that are important for motor control
what is the concept behind motor programming theory?
patterned motor responses are more flexible than reflexes. They can be activated or modulated via senses and/or central processes. (or with neither!)
how did motor programming theory influence PT?
intervention should replicate function, not isolated movement.
**This theory describes both CPG and abstractly defined actions.
**abnormalities in CPG may explain abnormal movement
what are the limitations of motor programming theories?
CPG isn;t sole leader of action, no MSK or environmental context,
what is the concept behind systems theory?
same command>different movement patterns and different commands > same pattern
Coordination of movement is the process of mastering the redundant degrees of freedom (related to synergies)
what are the limitations of systems theory?
broad w/o focus on interaction between person and environment
how does systems theory influence PT?
concept of synergistic control
*synergies can create flexible and stable performance of motor tasks
*a muscle can belong to different synergies and activation can depend on overlap
*MSK is also a determinant of motor control (not just CNS)
*supports functional training
what 2 questions does dynamic systems theory address?
how do patterns and organization arise from orderless parts? How do our systems change over time?
what are the 5 components of dynamic action theory?
principle of self-organization, principle of nonlinear behavior, control parameters,attractor states (pt preference), attractor well (pattern flexibility)
what are the limitations of dynamic action theory?
understated neural contributions to movement
