Theories of learning

Question 1

What are the 4 stages of Kolb’s learning cycle ?

Answer 1

1. Concrete experiencing (doing/having an experience)
2. Reflective observation (reviewing/reflecting on the experience)
3. Abstract conceptualisation (concluding/learning from experience)
4. Active experiment (planning/trying out what you learnt)

Question 2

What are the three stages of double loop learning?

Answer 2

1. Assumptions (why do we do what we do?)
2. Actions (what we do)
3. Results (what we observe)
   (process that teaches people to think more deeply about assumptions and beliefs, drives creativity and innovation)

Question 3

What is the Honey and Mumford theory?

Answer 3

1. Activist (learning by doing and enjoy challenge of new experiences)
2. Theorist (like to understand the theory behind actions)
3. Pragmatist (need to know how they can apply learning to the real work)
4. Reflector (learn through observation and reflecting on results)

Question 4

Gibbs reflective practice

Answer 4

Description - what happened?
Feelings - what were you thinking and feeling?
Evaluation - what was good/bad about the experience?
Analysis - what else can you make of the situation?
Conclusion - what else could you have done?
Action plan - if it rose again, what would you do?

Question 5

Schon’s reflective practice

Answer 5

Reflection IN action - what to do next, thinking straight away and thinking on your feet.
Reflection ON action - thinking about something that has already happened, what would you do next time?

Question 6

What is classical conditioning?

Answer 6

A person responds to some stimulus that would not usually promote such a response - the process of learning to associate something within the environment and predict what will happen next. E.g. (ringing a bell when its time to feed a dog, dog gets use to it)

Question 7

What is operational conditioning?

Answer 7

Where specific behaviours are often followed by a reward or punishment. Behaviours will depend on different situations and that we behave in a specific way if rewards are involved.

Question 8

What is social learning?

Answer 8

Social learning integrated both cognitive and operant approaches to learning. Learning does not only take place because of environment stimuli (conditioning) or individual determinism (cognitive) but a mixture of both.

Question 9

What is ontology?

Answer 9

The study of being. Interaction of language, body and emotions. Creates a shift in a persons way of being that is consistent with their goals and desires.

Question 11

What is cognitive theory?

Answer 11

Refers to individuals thoughts, understanding and own ides about self and the environment - learning through active and constructive thought processes. E.g. learning to tell the time by looking at a clock.