Theories of Criminology and Supreme Court Cases

Question 1

Marbury v Madison

Answer 1

judicial review

Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional

Question 2

Scott v Sanford

Answer 2

slaves are property

MI compromise unconstitutional

Question 3

Plessy v Ferguson

Answer 3

separate but equal

Question 4

Schenck v US

Answer 4

Supreme Court places limits on free speech

cannot say words that present clear and present danger

Question 5

Brown v Board of Ed

Answer 5

separate but equal undone

Question 6

Miranda v Arizona

Answer 6

must be read your rights

Question 7

Gideon v Wainwright

Answer 7

right to an attorney

Question 8

Price and Bowers Trial

Answer 8

three civil rights activists killed by KKK members

brought civil rights movement forward

Question 9

Brandenburg v Ohio

Answer 9

KKK member arrested for inciting crime, sabotage, and violence
SC rules that free speech protected unless it incites lawless action

Question 10

Tinker v Des Moines

Answer 10

students have right to free speech

unless it is disruptive

Question 11

Furman v Georgia

Answer 11

abolished death penalty “cruel and unusual punishment”

Question 12

Roe v Wade

Answer 12

abortion laws

Question 13

Collin v Smith

Answer 13

Nazi group plans march through 1/2 Jewish town

SC rules that they are allowed to do this

Question 14

Citizens United v FEC

Answer 14

corporations = people
money = free speech

Question 15

Obergefell v Hodges

Answer 15

gay marriage is protected

Question 16

classical criminology

Answer 16

prevailing theory in our justice system

Question 17

choice theory

Answer 17

individuals have free will

Question 18

utilitarianism

Answer 18

greatest amount of good for greatest number of people

Question 19

rational choice theory

Answer 19

criminals weigh costs and benefits of committing a crime against not committing the crime

Question 20

positivism

Answer 20

criminal behavior is driven by external factors beyond their control

Question 21

biological

Answer 21

genetics, hormones, other mental/physical factors

Question 22

social disorganization theory

Answer 22

crime results from poverty, the breakdown of social institutions, gangs, and criminal values

Question 23

social process theories

Answer 23

the potential for crime lies in everyone

Question 24

learning theory

Answer 24

crime is a learned behavior

Question 25

control theory

Answer 25

people who have loved ones do not want to disappoint

Question 26

labeling theory

Answer 26

we act according to the way we are labeled by others

Question 27

social reality of crime

Answer 27

criminal laws are designed to keep those in power rich at the expense of the poor