Theories - Feb 9

Question 1

Role of theory in nursing practice

Answer 1

We do not have a lot of experience, theory helps us predict

Nursing practice is deeply tied to human interaction and experience

Question 2

Levels of theory - 3

Answer 2

Grand theory - abstract, global paradigms of nursing science; formal, highly abstract, frame our disciplinary knowledge, often cannot be tested.
Mid-Range: explain theoretical world of nursing, but in less formal way.
Micro-Range: least formal, most tentative of theories; Invaluable to describe phenomena; Describe organization; Very testable.

Question 3

Virginia Henderson theory

Answer 3

As people are ill and move to wellness, need to move to more independence. Have to wean from patient.

Question 4

Betty Newman

Answer 4

System model, 3 levels - Primary, Secondary, Tertiary.

Question 5

Doretha Orem

Answer 5

Self-care theory. Nursing is art - blend of science and technology and service.

Question 6

Hildegard Peplau

Answer 6

Interpersonal Theory of Nursing.

Nurse moves through stages with patient. Patient needs to have a felt need.

Question 7

Jeffries

Answer 7

Research on Simulation in teaching pre-licensure nurses

Question 8

Madeline Leininger

Answer 8

Transcultural Nursing.
Care is still the essence of nursing and the dominant, distinctive and unifying feature
Goal of nursing - provide care congruent with cultural values, beliefs, and practices

Question 9

Patricia Benner

Answer 9

5 levels of nursing expertise
Based on Dreyfus theory
Novice to expert
Experience is the core of this theory

Question 10

Barbara Carper

Answer 10

Ways of knowing in nursing
4 ways nurses know in their decision making
Ethics, Empirics, Aesthetics, Personal knowing.

Question 11

Rogers

Answer 11

Diffusion of innovation. Process by which innovation spreads over time.
Framework: Innovators, Early Adopters, Early Majority, Late Majority, Laggards.
Medical innovation to bedside 17 years.
Use opinion leaders to move into practice.

Question 12

Florence Nightingale

Answer 12

Environmental influence on health

Question 13

Which theories are testable

Answer 13

Mid range, Micro range

Question 14

Practice and theory: Which informs which

Answer 14

Theory informs practice. But then practice is then data to inform theory, change or create new.
Big cycle.

Question 15

Theory - 3

Answer 15

Way to predict or anticipate.
Basis of creation of research questions.
Structure and order for guiding and improving professional practice