Theories Child Language Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Vygotsky theory?

A

Helps with child speech and how children interact in their life.

Zone of proximal development- children the ability to independently learn and take control.

More knowledgeable other- parents and teachers guide children through their journey and help them

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2
Q

What is Chomsky theory?

A

Born with a LAD and it waits to be triggered, not done through imitation

Virtuous error- apply a rule word is exception to rule so swimmed instead of swam

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3
Q

What is skinner theory

A

Behaviourist theory

Position reinforcement- praised
Negative reinforcement- punished

Operant conditioning- having someone to do something you want them to do

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4
Q

Difference between assimilation and accommodation

A

Assimilation- how human perceive and adapt to new information
Accommodation- when existing scheme does not work and apply to the object

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5
Q

What are Piaget 4 stages

A

Development of human intelligence

Stages
Sensorimotor stage- knows through movements and sensations form representations
Pre- operational stage- think symbolically stand for something other than itself
Concrete operational stage- major turning point and start of logical thoughts
Formal operational stage- think of abstract concept and test hypotheses

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6
Q

What is Nelson theory

A
Parenting- parents correct the children when they get something wrong 
They mainly use nouns first 60%
Second- verbs 
Third- adjective 
Four- social words like no/yes 8%
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7
Q

What is rescorla theory

A

Overextension- child calls zebra horse

Under extension- limit use of work so polar bear is white but doesn’t call anything else white

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8
Q

3 categories of overextension

A

Catergorical- name for one member of a category is used so apple for orange and banana
Analogical- a word for one object is extended so ball as orange
Mismatch- one word in relation of another so duck for pond

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9
Q

Hallidays 7 function

A

Instrumental- fulfil a need on the part of speaker so obtain food drink or comfort
Regulatory- influence the behaviour of others persuading commanding requesting other people
International- develop relationships photic talk
Personal- giving opinions
Representational - exchange information turn taking
Heuristic- learn and explore environment questions and answers
Imaginative - explore imagination storytelling or when playing

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10
Q

Name Dores 8 functions

A
Labelling - naming or identifying something 
Repeating- echoing something 
Answering- giving a direct response
Requesting action- demanding food or drink 
Calling- attracting attention 
Greeting- self evident 
Protesting- obtaining to requests 
Practising- using and repeating language
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11
Q

Name rothery 4 stages for writing.

A

Observation/comment- writer makes observation and follows with an evaluative comment
Recount- usually a chronological sequence or events
Report- factual and objective descriptive or events
Narrative- story genre where the scene is set

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12
Q

Name Britton’s 3 stages of writing

A

Expressive- resembles speech uses first person perspective
Poetic- requires skills in crafting and shaping language creativity
Transactional- develops once children have dissociate speech third person used formal sentences

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13
Q

Garvey theory and 5 types of talk

A

Pretend play- children adopt roles and identities acting out storylines

Preparatory talk- let’s play house
Explicit directions for pretend- nine types of transformations
within pretend talk- enactment talk
Negations of pretend- I don’t want to play anymore
Play signals- voice sounds and gestures

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14
Q

Grunwell months and phonemes

A

24 months- p b m d n w t

30- k g h n with a line

36- f s j l

42- v z r

48+- 0 with line in between, o with star on the top and low 3

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15
Q

Grunwell different types of sounds

A

Plosives- voiced( b d g)
Unvoiced (p t k)

Fricatives- voiced (z v)
Unvoiced (f h s)

Affricates- voiced( d with low3)
Unvoiced( t and long s)

Approximants- voiced (w r j)

Nasals- voiced (m n n with line)

Laterals- voiced (l)

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16
Q

Name krolls 4 stages of writing

A

Preparatory- (0-6) physical skills needed for writing understanding of basic principles

Consolidation- (6-8) reflects spoken lanGyge sentences are short, decorative, incomplete, simple conjunctions and/but

Differentiation- (8 to teens) awareness of difference between writing and speech confident in structure and complex sentence sophisticated sentences lots of mistakes

Integration- (teen and up) a personal voice adopted confidently change style to audience and purpose

17
Q

Name 4 spoken stages

A

Holophrastic

Two word

Telegraphic

Post telegraphic

18
Q

Name 3 stages of bellugi pronoun theory

A

Stage 1- child uses own name

Stage 2- child recognises I/me pronouns

Stage 3- the child uses them according to weather they are in the subject or object

19
Q

Name 3 stages of negation bellugi

A

Stage1- the child will use no at the start or end of the sentence

Stage 2- It moves to no inside of sentences

Stage 3- achieves the correct form

20
Q

What is vygotsky play theory

A

Weather children are playing they are in the ZPD this leads to learning

Scaffolding- support given to children

Pivots- toys are used to act as something else

External influences- playing with toy turns to internal thoughts like understanding what the toy is

21
Q

Name the stages of play

A

(0-3)- no play imitation play

(3-7)- use objects actions or ideas to represent things to play

(7-12)- games with rules

22
Q

What is Bruner theory

A

Interactionist- LASS
Social support when it comes to encouraging
Every hold has a support system this is like parents or books that will help them

23
Q

What is cruttendens theory 3 stages

A

Understanding intonation
3 stages
1st stage- children memorise the words on an individual basis
2nd stage- show awareness of the general
Rule of inflection they have error which is overgeneralisation so ran as runned
3rd stage- correct inflection that are used

24
Q

What is wugs theory

A

Children can add tenses to words they have never heard before
See if children can apply grammatical rules

25
Q

What is the fis phenomena theory

A

Children would say fiz instead of fish
The ending is not said but they think they are saying correctly
They can’t hear mistakes adults hear it as fiz but they don’t know they are wrong

26
Q

Name the 6 cues

A

Graphophonic- looking at the shape of words linking to graphemes
Semantic- understanding the meanings of words and making connection
Visual- pictures which interpret unfamiliar words
Syntactic- applying knowledge of word order
Contextual- understanding in the situation of the story
Miscue- making errors when reading might miss a word and

27
Q

Name challs 6 reading stages

A

(0) pre reading and pseudo reading- pretend reading some letter and word recognition
(1) initial reading and decoding- reading simple texts containing high frequency lexis
(2) confirmations and fluency- reading texts more quickly accurately and fluently paying more attention to meanings
(3) reading for learning- reading for knowledge and information becomes the motivation
(4) multiplicity and complexity- responding critically to what they read and analysing texts
(5) construction and reconstruction- reading selectively and forming opinions about what they read

28
Q

What is peccei 3 stages

A

Pre communicative stage- children write using squiggles
Phonological stage- children will attempt to capture the sound of the word
Orthographic stage- learning extra ‘e’ or use ‘ed’ ending

29
Q

What is Harvey and shaldoms theory

A

Taboo language has become more acceptable me in the home between friends and in informal situations

30
Q

What is Philip hensher theory

A

Complexity of situation that people in a group can call each other names but when called these name from someone outside the group it becomes offensive