Theories and Therapies

Question 1

Denial

Answer 1

The disavowal of intolerable external reality factors or of thoughts, feelings, wishes, or needs that are apparent to an observer

Question 2

Displacement

Answer 2

The transfer of emotions, ideas, or wishes from the original object to a more acceptable substitute

Question 3

Externalization

Answer 3

The attribution of internal conflicts to the external environment and a search for environmental solutions. In therapy, the person of the therapist is used to represent one or the other part of the patient’s personality structure

Question 4

Reaction formation

Answer 4

The adoption of affects, ideas, or behaviors that are the opposites of impulses harbored either consciously or unconsciously

Question 5

Repression

Answer 5

Exclusion of unacceptable ideas, fantasies, affects, or impulses from consciousness or keeping out of consciousness what has never been conscious. Repressed material emerges in disguised form in thought, speech, and actions

Question 6

Suppression

Answer 6

conscious effort to control and conceal unacceptable impulses. Suppression is the exception to the rule that defenses are unconscious processes

Question 7

Somatization

Answer 7

transfer of tension from drives or affects into disturbances of bodily functions/rhythms

Question 8

switch passive to active

Answer 8

manage affects/impulses by switching from passive (victim/experiencer) role to active (aggressor) role; i.e., identify w/aggressor and act out his/her role

Question 9

Classical Conditioning/Learning

Answer 9

Involuntary behavior is modified by Antecedents

unconditioned stimulus (meat)-> unconditioned response(salivation)
conditioned stimulus(bell).       -> conditioned response(salivation)

Question 10

ABCs and Learning (theory)

Answer 10

Behavior is learned/modified by Antecedents and Consequences

Question 11

Operant Conditioning/Learning

Answer 11

Voluntary behavior is learned/modified by Consequences

Question 12

Reinforcement

Answer 12

Consequences that increase the Behaviors

Question 13

Consequences

Answer 13

Reinforcement “add” to increase Behaviors

Punishment “subtract” to decrease Behaviors

Question 14

Punishment

Answer 14

Consequences that decrease the Behavior

Question 15

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 15

Reward

Increase an action

Question 16

Positive Punishment

Answer 16

detention/jail (disruptive bx/shoplifting)

Question 17

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 17

stop (subtract) nagging -> child takes out the garbage

Question 18

Negative Punishment

Answer 18

Loss of privileges (for breaking curfew)

Question 19

Extinction (behavior decreases)

Answer 19

No consequence/Ignoring behavior

Question 20

Token Economy = Learning/Modifying Behavior via

Answer 20

Reinforcement “add” tokens to increase good bx

Punishment “subtract” tokens to decrease negative bx

Question 21

Systemic desensitization (approach to learning/bx modification)

Answer 21

gradual exposure to a hierarchy of conditioned stimulus/triggers of anxiety while practicing relaxation technique

Question 22

Flooding (approach to learning/bx modification)

Answer 22

Rapid exposure to phobic/feared stimulus

Question 23

Anger Management

Answer 23

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
restructuring relaxation skills training

Question 24

Anger Management (CBT) Indications:

Answer 24

Substance Use Disorders
Mood Disorders
PTSD
Psychosis
IED
CD

Question 25

Biosocial Theory of Borderline Personality Disorder

Answer 25

1). Biological diathesis:
Minor stressor -> excessive ANS response
2). Social environment:
Invalidates the child’s communications
Leads to
3). Emotional Dysregulation/Rollercoaster:
Swing from emotionally inhibited TO very clingy
(due to the inability to recognize and understand feelings)

Question 26

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)

Answer 26

1). Individual therapy
2). Group skill modules (one “diem” at a time)
distress tolerance
interpersonal effectiveness
emotional regulation
mindfulness
3). Phone contact
4). Therapist support groups