Theories and Models

Question 1

A theory may explain human behavior by describing how humans interact with each other or react to certain stimuli

Answer 1

Developmental theory

Question 2

A whole comprising component parts that work together. It views human behavior through larger contexts, such as members of families, communities, and broader society

Answer 2

System Theory

Question 3

This theory provides a theoretical and therapeutic base for dealing with family-related situations, and it’s useful in understanding and managing individual problems by determining the extent to which problems are related to family issues

Answer 3

Family theory

Question 4

This approach argues that to understand a family system, a social worker must look at the family as a whole, rather than focusing on its members. It searches for the causes of behavior in the interactions among the members of a group

Answer 4

Family systems approach

Question 5

The concept of BLANK refers to the ability of the family system to accomplish the same goals through different routes

Answer 5

Equifinality

Question 6

The concept of hierarchies described how families organize themselves into various smaller units or BLANK that are comprised by the larger family system

Answer 6

Subsystems

Question 7

BLANK occurs at every level of family system and between subsystem, and it influences the movement of people and the flow of information into and out of the system.

Answer 7

Boundaries

Question 8

A social worker initiates what happens during therapy, designs a specific approach for each person’s presenting problem, and takes responsibility for directly influencing people. It’s active, brief, directive, and task-centered. What family theory is this?

Answer 8

Strategic Family Therapy

Question 9

What strategic family therapy technique/concept encourages family members to “pretend” and encourage voluntary control of behavior?

Answer 9

Pretend technique

Question 10

What strategic family therapy technique/concept refers to superficial behavioral changes within a system that do not change the structure of the system?

Answer 10

First-Order Changes

Question 11

What strategic family therapy technique/concept refers to changes to the systematic interaction pattern so the system is reorganized and functions more effectively?

Answer 11

Second-order changes

Question 12

What strategic family therapy technique/concept refers to families tend to preserve familiar organization and communication patterns; resistant to change?

Answer 12

Family homeostasis

Question 13

What strategic family therapy technique/concept refers to changing the label attached to a person or problem from negative to positive so the situation can be perceived differently; and hoped that new responses will evolve?

Answer 13

Relabeling

Question 14

What strategic family therapy technique/concept prescribe the symptomatic behavior so a client realizes he or she can control it; uses the strength of the resistance to change to move a client toward goals?

Answer 14

Paradoxical directive or instruction

Question 15

This family approach stresses the importance of family organization for the functioning of the group and the well-being of its members. The social worker “joins” (engages) the family in an effort to restructure it.

Answer 15

Structural family therapy

Question 16

BLANK boundaries define individual family members and promote their differentiation and autonomous, yet interdependent, functioning.

Answer 16

Interpersonal

Question 17

Restructuring is based on observing and manipulating interactions within therapy sessions, often by BLANK as a way to understand and diagnose the structure

Answer 17

Enactment of situations

Question 18

This family therapy focuses on improving the intergenerational transmission process rather than symptom reduction.

Answer 18

Boweniam family therapy

Question 19

What are the eight major theoretical constructs under Bowenian family therapy?

Answer 19

1. Differentiation
2. Emotional fusion
3. Multigenerational transmission
4. Emotional triangle
5. Nuclear family
6. Societal regression
7. Family projection
8. Sibling position

Question 20

This theoretical constructs under Bowen’s theory can be used to explain societal anxieties, and social problems, because Bowen viewed society as a family - an emotional complete with its own multigenerational transmission, chronic anxiety, emotional triangles, cutoff, projection processes, and so on.

Answer 20

Societal regression

Question 21

This theoretical constructs under Bowen’s theory is a factor in determining personality. Where a client is in birth order has an influence on how he orbshe relates to parents and siblings.

Answer 21

Sibling position

Question 22

This theoretical constructs under Bowen’s theory is the most basic unit in the society and there is a concern over the degree to which emotional fusion can occur in a family system.

Answer 22

Nuclear family

Question 23

This theoretical constructs under Bowen’s theory is the network of relationships among three people.

Answer 23

Emotional triangle

Question 24

This theoretical constructs under Bowen’s theory stresses the connection of current generations to past generations as a natural process. It gives the present a context in history.

Answer 24

Multigenerational transmission

Question 25

This theoretical constructs under Bowen’s theory is the counterpart of differentation and refers to the tendency for family members to share an emotional response.

Answer 25

Emotional fusion

Question 26

This theoretical constructs under Bowen’s theory is the core concept of this approach. The more different, the more a client can be an individual while in emotional contract with the family.

Answer 26

Differentiation

Question 27

BLANK is a method if social work that helped individuals to enhance their social functioning and to cope more effectively with their personal, group, or community problems.

Answer 27

Group work

Question 28

A treatment approach in which roles are enacted in a group context. Members of the group recreate their problems and devote themselves to the role dilemmas of each member.

Answer 28

Pychodrama

Question 29

What are the 5 stages of group development?

Answer 29

1. Preaffiliation
2. Power and control
3. Intimacy
4. Differentiation
5. Separation/termination

Question 30

Define this group stage: preaffiliation

Answer 30

Development of trust (known as forming)

Question 31

Define this group stage: power and control

Answer 31

Struggles for individuals autonomy and group identification aka storming

Question 32

Define this group stage: intimacy

Answer 32

Utilizing self in service of the group aka norming

Question 33

Define this group stage: differentiation

Answer 33

Acceptance of each other as distinct individuals aka performing

Question 34

Define this group stage: separation/termination

Answer 34

Independence aka adjourning

Question 35

Groups help through….

Answer 35

Installation of hope, universality, altruism, interpersonal learning, self-understanding and insight

Question 36

What are the eight causes of groupthink?

Answer 36

Illusion of invulnerability 
Collective rationalization
Believe in inherent morality 
Stereotyped views of those "on the out"
Direct pressure dissenters 
Self-censorship 
Illusion of unanimity 
Self-appointed "mindguards"

Question 37

Creates excessive optimism that encourages taking extreme risks

Answer 37

Illusion of invulnerability

Question 38

Members discount warnings and do not reconsider their assumptions

Answer 38

Collective rationalization

Question 39

Members believe in the rightness of their cause and ignore the ethical or moral consequences of their decision

Answer 39

Believe in inherent morality

Question 40

The negative views of the “enemy” make conflict seem unnecessary

Answer 40

Stereotyped views of those on the out

Question 41

Members are under pressure not to express arguments against any of the group’s views

Answer 41

Direct pressure on dissenters

Question 42

Doubts and deviations from the perceived group consensus are not expressed

Answer 42

Self-censorship

Question 43

The majority view and judgment are assumed to be unanimous

Answer 43

Illusion of unanimity

Question 44

Members protect the group and the leader from information that is problematic or contradictory to the group’s cohesiveness, views, and/or decisions

Answer 44

Self-appointed “mindguards”