Theories all together Flashcards
Infancy
Erickson
Psychosocial
Trust vs mistrust
Rely on caregivers; basic needs are met
Piaget
Cognitive
Sensorimotor
Learn about word around through sensations
Freud
Psychosexual
Oral motor
Focused on oral sensations for pleasure (sucking, feeding)
Toddler
Erickson
Psychosocial
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
Learn to do some things on their own and make choices
Piaget
Cognitive
Sensorimotor (until 2 yrs)
Preoperational (begins 2 yrs)
Manipulate objects to learn
Imitate others
Freud
Psychosexual
Anal
Focused on learning about when and where defecate
Stool holding can be common when toilet training
Kohler
Moral
Preconventional
Learning obedience
Preschool
Erickson
Psychosocial
Initiative vs Guilt
Plans and initiates activities
Wants to please parents
Asserts self more frequently
Makes up games
Piaget
Cognitive
Pre-operational
Focus on only one aspect of things
Imaginary play
Magical thinking
Knows right from wrong
Egocentrism lessen ~4 yrs
Animism lessen ~ 5 yrs
Use transductive reasoning
Freud
Psychosexual
Phallic
Genitals become area of interest
Identifies more w/ parents of same sex
Kohler
Moral
Preconventional
Learns good from bad based on punishment
School Age
Erickson
Psychosocial
Industry vs Inferiority
Learning to do more things on own
Develops confidence in ability to achieve goals
Develops competence
Likes to understand how things work
Piaget
Cognitive
Concrete operational
Thinks about things in logical and concrete manner
Can put items in sequential order
Learns about objects through manipulation
Understands concept of reversibility
Understands concept of conservation
Same amount liquid in two different size glass
Understands concept of time
Freud
Psychosexual
Latent
Focus more on relationships with same-sex partners
Kohler
Moral
Conventional
Follow rules
Takes societal law into perspective
Begins to see things from different perspectives
Adolescent
Adolescent
Erickson
Psychosocial
Identity vs role confusion
Self-conscious about changing body in early adolescence
Concerned with attractiveness in middle adolescence
More stable body image in late adolescence
Forming identity in late adolescence
Piaget
Cognitive
Formal operational
Develops abstract thought in early to middle adolescence
Feels invulnerable during middle adolescence
Develop better impulse control by late adolescence
See other’s perspective
Freud
Psychosexual
Genital
Experiment sexually
Settles into relationships
Kohler
Moral
Post conventional
Understand morally right and legally right are not always the same
Establishes own set of morals, which may be different from those of family
