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MFT Exam > Theories > Flashcards

Theories Flashcards

1
Q

Major Concepts of Bowen

A 
Major anxiety transmitted from one generation to the other keeps families unstable.
Anxiety
Differentiation
Cutoff & fusion
Family projection process
Functional level of differentiation
Sibling position
Triangulation

Thinking valued over feeling. Differentiation about ability to separate thoughts from emotions.

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2
Q

Theory of Dysfunction of Bowen

A

“The problem is…”
Lack of differentiation causes issues in family members.
Emotional fusion
Increased emotion and anxiety in the family
An upset to fused relationships has destabilized triangles.

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3
Q

Theory of Change for Bowen

A

Find an intellectual/emotional balance by increasing the ability to distinguish between thinking and feeling (within self and others); then using that [ability] to direct one’s life and solve problems.

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4
Q

Stages of Change of Bowen

A

Place problem in a multigenerational frame, lowering anxiety, increasing differentiation especially of the marital couples (genogram)

Increasing the parents’ ability to control their own anxiety and fortifying parental emotional functioning by the therapist triangulating with them but staying NEUTRAL

Forming relationships with the dysfunctional member, opening closed ties, and de-triangulation of members

Symptoms focus is AVOIDED

Evaluating progress

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5
Q

Stages of Change of Bowen

A

Place problem in a multigenerational frame, lowering anxiety, increasing differentiation especially of the marital couples (genogram)

Increasing the parents’ ability to control their own anxiety and fortifying parental emotional functioning by the therapist triangulating with them but staying NEUTRAL

Forming relationships with the dysfunctional member, opening closed ties, and de-triangulation of members

Symptoms focus is AVOIDED

Evaluating progress

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6
Q

Stance of Therapist- Bowen

A

Objective/neutral

Coach/referee

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7
Q

Methods/Techniques- Bowen

A 
Focus in process, not content 
Genogram; extensive history taking
"I" Position
De-triangulate
Create therapy triangle
Therapy is often long-term
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8
Q

Diagnosis/Assessment- Bowen

A

Extensive self-report data on family history
Level of differentiation of family members
Degree of cutoff
Level of family anxiety and emotional reactivity
Assess triangles

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9
Q

Major Concepts of Contextual Family Therapy

A

(Nagy)
Relational ethics: the balance of fairness and Justice determines the quality of life.

Transgenerational transmission of unfairness
Entitlement
Destructive entitlement (passed down generations 》ledger sheet)
Exoneration (parents were also victims)
Ledger
Loyalty and invisible loyalties (internalized expectations)
Parentification (projection of unfinished business)
Relational determinants
- facts
- individual psychology
- behavioral transactions
- relational ethics
Multidirectional partially: testing everyone equally favorite

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10
Q

Theory of Dysfunction (Contextual)

A

The trustworthiness of relationships breaks down because fairness caring and accountability are absent

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11
Q

Theory of change (Contextual)

A

A preventative plan for current and future generations

To restore people’s capacity to give through fair relating and trust

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12
Q

Stages of Therapy (Contextual)

A

Unit of treatment is decided by therapist
Engagement
Focus on cognitive exploration of historic factors that are having an impact on current relationships
Alter perceptions of family and individual
Facilitate problem solving
Encourage family members to increase their options by expanding the trust basis of their own relationships
Therapy is often long term

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13
Q

Stance of therapist (Contextual)

A

Active, personal engagement
Co-therapy is encouraged
Raise issues of relational balances
Advocate for all within the basic relational context, that is the multi generational extended family, including deceased family members

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14
Q

Methods/ Techniques (Contextual)

A

Multi directional partiality
Listening
Observing
Responding to unconscious material
Who to see belongs to therapist to decide, based on information given by the family
Couple treatment is not considered a separate modality

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15
Q

Diagnosis/assessment (Contextual)

A

Family resources are main focus on assessment, seen as potentially self validating
Observations of family relationships includes all 4 dimensions
Assessment is an on going process
The therapist sees the convictions of people as deriving from both the stage of development and the effect of family and other group loyalties
Triangles are assessed

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16
Q

Major Concepts of Object Relations Family Therapy

A

The interjection of objectified characteristics of early childhood care takers is projected onto intimate partners in adu

• Introjects (what we internalize)
> Internal objects such as mental images of self and others, and self in relation to others built from experiences and expectations
> Negative and positive aspects of the introjected object

  • Projection of internalized, repressed Ego object
  • Projective identification
17
Q

Theory of dysfunction (Object Relations Family Therapy)

A

Negative aspects of repressed, introjected early object (primarily parents) are projected onto the spouse or children

18
Q

Theory of Change (Object Relations Family Therapy)

A

Expression of repressed objects
Resolution of negative aspects of repressed objects
Individuation of family members
Detachment and differentiation from the “bad” object

19
Q

Stages of Therapy (Object Relations Family Therapy)

A 
Engagement Stage
Projective Identification Stage 
Confrontation Stage
Termination
Therapy is often long term
20
Q

Stance of Therapist (Object Relations Family Therapy)

A

Non-directive (think Freud)
Observer
Foster insight and understanding

[3 levels of projection: introjection》identification》integration]

21
Q

Methods/Techniques (Object Relations Family Therapy)

A 
Listening
Observing
Responding to unconscious material
Interpreting
Developing Insight
22
Q

Diagnosis/Assessment (Object Relations Family Therapy)

A 
Self-report 
Family of origin history
Analyzing the defensive system of the family
Degree of family member individuation
Analysis of intrapsychic material
23
Q

Major Concepts of MRI

A

Vicious cycle.
Ther attempted solution has become the problem
Families establish a pattern of over or under-reacting
Engage in “more of same”
First order change- behavioral vs. Second order change- rules/ belief system

Called “customers”

24
Q

Major Concepts of MRI (cont’d)

A

Communication theory
Find the most motivated person in the system
Incorporate cybernetics concept of the pos. feedback loop
Life cycle transition if ind/ family
Problematic behavior is a function of interaction with other people; therefore, the primary determinant of a person’s behavior is other people’s behavior
The clients complaint is the problem- not a symptom of something else
Therapist determines goals

[Double Bind- bound to the field, 2 conflicting messages, receiver cannot comment on messages, emotionally important relationship]

25
Q

Theory of dysfunction of MRI

A

Family isn’t able to properly adjust and create positive feedback loss st family life cycle transitions.

26
Q

Theory of Change of MRI

A

Change the complementary, interdependent nature of the systems

Change interactional sequence by identifying the “vicious cycle” along with behaviors and perceptions that support it.

[If we get rid of the symptom, the system will self-regulate and become better.

27
Q

Stages of Therapy of MRI

A

Intro to the treatment setup
Inquiry and definition of the problem
Estimation of the behaviors maintaining problem
Setting goals for treatment
Selecting and making behavioral interventions
Termination
Short-term therapy

28
Q

Stance of Therapist of MRI

A

Active
Clients viewed as customers
Attends to proces more than content.
Team approach

(Team behind a one-way mirror)
- Direct intervention team: they run the show, give directives
-Reflecting team: meta; watch give feedback but don’t talk to each other
Milan Systemic Team: male & female co-therapist interviews therapist and family.

29
Q

Methods/Techniques of MRI

A 
Find most motivated person
Symptom-focused
Tasks (in & out)
Therapeutic paradox
Encourage family members to interact with each other
Observe sequence of behaviors 
Symptom/ problem resolution
30
Q

Diagnosis/Assessment of MRI

A

Non-historic
Symptom-focused
Determine sequence of symptom maintaining behaviors
Instances of circular causality

31
Q

Haley (Strategic)

A

Hierarchy

Problem solving therapy book

Structured initial interview
- social stage: join the family and create an atmosphere of trust
-

MFT Exam (2 decks)

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