Theories

Question 1

Tzveten Todorov

Answer 1

Equilibrium theory

Question 2

Equilibrium theory

Answer 2

Linear films and tv shows have 3 different parts: equilibrium, distribution, new equilibrium. They start and end with an equilibrium.

Question 3

Vladmir Propp

Answer 3

Quest narrative + character types

Question 4

Quest narrative

Answer 4

Films all have a narrative that consists of the protagonist defeating the antagonist and saving the princess.

Question 5

Character types

Answer 5

Every film has characters that fit these character types: protagonist, antagonist, dispatcher, sidekick, damsel.

Question 6

Neale

Answer 6

Genres are set by instances of repetition and differences.

Question 7

Shatz

Answer 7

Order and integration

Question 8

Order genre

Answer 8

High action

Question 9

Integration

Answer 9

Light hearted, driven by romance/friendship

Question 10

Hypodermic syringe theory

Answer 10

The audience is passive and take in and agree with all information given to them by the media.

Question 11

Blumler + Katz

Answer 11

Uses and gratifications theory

Question 12

Uses and gratifications theory

Answer 12

The audience is active and uses the media any way they want, agreeing and disagreeing with all information as they want.

Question 13

Stuart Hall

Answer 13

Reception theory

Question 14

Reception theory

Answer 14

How the audience reads and interprets media. E.g. preferred, negotiated, oppositional.

Question 15

Preferred audience reading

Answer 15

How the creator intended the audience to interpret the piece of media.

Question 16

Negotiated audience reading

Answer 16

Most audiences interpret the media as the creator intended but others don’t due to their cultural background.

Question 17

Oppositional audience reading

Answer 17

All audiences misinterpret the piece of media so the way it is read is unintended by the creator.

Question 18

Albert + Bandura

Answer 18

Social learning theory

Question 19

Social learning theory

Answer 19

Every individual piece of media influences the way someone behaves.

Question 20

Gerbner

Answer 20

Cumulation theory

Question 21

Cumulation theory

Answer 21

Prolonged exposure to media products effects how we perceive the world around us. The way we act is built up from all of the media we receive as a whole.

Question 22

Judith Butler

Answer 22

Gender performativity

Question 23

Gender performativity

Answer 23

Our gender is how we choose to behave. Gender is a social construct which our behaviour conforms to.

Question 24

Pierce

Answer 24

Triadic model

Question 25

Triadic model

Answer 25

Signifier (the form of the sign), signified (what the sign means) and action (what happens because of the sign).

Question 26

Saussure

Answer 26

Dyadic model

Question 27

Dyadic model

Answer 27

Signifier, signified.

Question 28

Paradigm

Answer 28

Change 1 sign and everything changes.

Question 29

Syntagm

Answer 29

The combination and order of signs to give meaning.

Question 30

Icon

Answer 30

Looks like something.

Question 31

Symbol

Answer 31

Culturally learned.

Question 32

Index

Answer 32

Connected to the signified. It has to be there for the signified to be there.

Question 33

David Gauntlet

Answer 33

Media portrayal: reflective identity, constructive identity, disruption.

Question 34

Reflective identity

Answer 34

Who we really are.

Question 35

Constructive identity

Answer 35

Who we want to be seen as.

Question 36

Distruption

Answer 36

Tools to create online identities. E.g. photoshop

Question 37

How do media products use disruption?

Answer 37

Aspirational products use disruption to create unachievable or unsustainable goals.