Theories

Question 1

Language and power

Grice’s maxims of manner

Answer 1

Manner-

Avoid ambiguity/ obscurity and be brief and orderly

Question 2

Language and power

Grice’s maxims of quantity

Answer 2

Quantity-

Be as informative as necessary. Don’t say too much or too little

Question 3

Language and power

Grice’s maxims of relevance

Answer 3

Relevance-

Keep to the point and be relevant to the current topic.

Question 4

Language and power

Grice’s maxims of quality

Answer 4

Quality-
Be truthful and don’t say things that lack evidence

Flouting is when you break one of these rules

Question 5

Politeness theory’s-

What’s face theory?

Answer 5

Face theory-
Positive face needs Is when you feel valued, liked and appreciated by someone’s language.
Negative face needs is when you feel imposed on.

Question 6

Politeness theory-

What is FTA?

Answer 6

Face threatening act

Question 7

Theories-

What is instrumental power?

Answer 7

Enforces authority and is imposed by laws and organisations.

Question 8

Theories-

What is influential power?

Answer 8

Persuasive, makes us want to behave in a certain way.

Question 9

Theories-

Overt prestige

Answer 9

Overt prestige dialect is generally one that is widely recognised as being used by a cunturally dominant group.
In England this is RP

Question 10

Theories-

Covert prestige

Answer 10

Covert prestige dialect is one that is generally perceived by the dominant culture as being inferior but which compels it’s speakers to use it to show membership in an exclusive community

Question 11

Giles accommodation theory-

Divergence

Answer 11

Divergence is using your language to increase social distance and make yourself dissimilar to the tiger participant

Question 12

Giles accommodation theory-

Convergence

Answer 12

Convergence is the use of language to make yourself similar to the other speaker and make the social distance smaller