Theories

Question 0

What is child development is a matter of stage wise changes (steps) called?

Answer 0

Discontinuous development

Question 1

What is child development is a matter of cumulative adding on if skills and behaviors (ramp) called?

Answer 1

Continuous Development

Question 2

What is “genetic factors are more important determinants of development” called?

Answer 2

Nature

Question 3

What are environmental factors that are more important determinants of development called?

Answer 3

Nurture

Question 4

Childhood was not considered a separate phase of the life cycle when?

Answer 4

Medieval times

Question 5

Who viewed the child as a tabula rosa?

Answer 5

John Locke

Question 6

What’s tabula rosa?

Answer 6

Belief that the child is a blank slate whose character is shaped by experience

Question 7

Who thought that children were noble savages and created 4 stages of development?

Answer 7

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Question 8

Who measured behaviors on large numbers of children to come up with age-related averages?

Answer 8

G. Stanley Hall

Question 9

Who created the first intelligence test?

Answer 9

Alfred Binet

Question 10

Who said Nature and Nurture were equally important?

Answer 10

James Mark Baldwin

Question 11

Who believed that the human cognitive development is a result of adaptations to the physical environment?

Answer 11

Jean Piaget

Question 12

Who created the psychosexual theory?

Answer 12

Sigmund Freud

Question 13

What states that as children move through the stages of development, the source of pleasure moved to different areas of the body - it develops personality?

Answer 13

Psychosexual theory

Question 14

Who created the psychosocial theory?

Answer 14

Erik Erikson

Question 15

What is a series of crises to describe successive turning point or choices that influences personality growth across the life span called?

Answer 15

Psychosocial Theory

Question 16

Who believed in studying directly observable events - stimuli and responses - rather than the unseen workings of the mind?

Answer 16

John Watson

Question 17

Who created Operant Conditioning?

Answer 17

B.F. Skinner

Question 18

What is a form of learning in which a spontaneous behavior is followed by a stimulus that changes the probability that the behavior will occur again?

Answer 18

Operant Conditioning

Question 19

What is an approach that emphasizes the role of modeling, or observational learning, in the development of behavior called?

Answer 19

Social Learning Theory

Question 20

Who believed that morals develop in stages that go from self-centered focus to a higher level that focuses on the good of society?

Answer 20

Lawrence Kohlberg

Question 21

Who believed that children actively construct their own knowledge by using their senses and developed a method of teaching that stresses that children learn at their own pace and level of development?

Answer 21

Maria Montesorri

Question 22

Who believed that children acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that make up a community’s culture through cooperative dialogues with more knowledgable members of that society?

Answer 22

Lev Vygotsky

Question 23

Who created the Hierarchy of Human Needs where we move from Physiological to Self-Actualization Needs?

Answer 23

Abraham Maslow