Theories

Question 1

Define nature.

Answer 1

Language is built into humans. It’s in our biology.

Question 2

Define nurture.

Answer 2

Language is due to our environment.

Question 3

Both the nature and nurture theory are?

Answer 3

Clearly important and only solidifies the argument.

Question 4

What is the name of B.F. Skinner’s theory?

Answer 4

Behaviourist Theory.

Question 5

Skinner claimed that children acquire language by?

Answer 5

Imitating the speech of others and being rewarded for it.

Question 6

What is the name of Chomsky’s theory?

Answer 6

Nativist Theory.

Question 7

What was the name of Piaget’s theory?

Answer 7

Cognitive theory.

Question 8

What is the name of Bruner’s theory?

Answer 8

Input Theory.

Question 9

Who developed Bruner’s theory?

Answer 9

Vygotsky.

Question 10

What did Skinner label when a child receives a reward or consequence for speech?

Answer 10

Operate Conditioning.

Question 11

Operate conditioning features two types of reinforcement.

Answer 11

Positive and negative reinforcement.

Question 12

Children often acquire the same _______ as their parents. (E.g. accent)

Answer 12

Pronunciation.

Question 13

Children usually acquire _______ _______ such as politeness from their parents.

Answer 13

Pragmatic features

Question 14

Who argues against Skinner?

Answer 14

Jeano Berko and Chomsky.

Question 15

What does the Wug experiment explain?

Answer 15

That children apply rules accurately to things that don’t exist. (Nature)

Question 16

All children acquire language in the same order and usually at the same rate regardless of the ______ attention they receive.

Answer 16

Parental

Question 17

“Look at those mens” is an example of?

Answer 17

A virtuous error applied by overextension.

Question 18

Chomsky claimed that the language used by adults when speaking to children is ______

Answer 18

Impoverished

Question 19

Define impoverished.

Answer 19

Language is ‘dumbed down’ to an intimate setting.

Question 20

Berko and Brown discovered a phenomenon, name it.

Answer 20

The Fis Phenomenon

Question 21

What did the Fis Phenomenon show?

Answer 21

That at that age, the child couldn’t pronounce the sh sound yet could differentiate the sound from s.

Question 22

Define Virtuous error.

Answer 22

Children use speech they can’t have copied.

Question 23

Chomsky believed that children have an ____ ability to understand _____.

Answer 23

Innate, grammar.

Question 24

Chomsky claims that in our brains is a L.A.D. What does LAD stand for?

Answer 24

Language Acquisition Device

Question 25

Chomsky believes the LAD enables children to listen to language being used and _______

Answer 25

Extract the rules of grammar from it

Question 26

Chomsky believed that all languages share the same ______

Answer 26

Deep structure

Question 27

He said that children are born with the knowledge of what?

Answer 27

Universal Grammar

Question 28

Virtuous errors support the existence of the LAD. How?

Answer 28

As the LAD enables them to understand universal grammar. “Swim +ed”