Theories Flashcards
Define nature.
Language is built into humans. It’s in our biology.
Define nurture.
Language is due to our environment.
Both the nature and nurture theory are?
Clearly important and only solidifies the argument.
What is the name of B.F. Skinner’s theory?
Behaviourist Theory.
Skinner claimed that children acquire language by?
Imitating the speech of others and being rewarded for it.
What is the name of Chomsky’s theory?
Nativist Theory.
What was the name of Piaget’s theory?
Cognitive theory.
What is the name of Bruner’s theory?
Input Theory.
Who developed Bruner’s theory?
Vygotsky.
What did Skinner label when a child receives a reward or consequence for speech?
Operate Conditioning.
Operate conditioning features two types of reinforcement.
Positive and negative reinforcement.
Children often acquire the same _______ as their parents. (E.g. accent)
Pronunciation.
Children usually acquire _______ _______ such as politeness from their parents.
Pragmatic features
Who argues against Skinner?
Jeano Berko and Chomsky.
What does the Wug experiment explain?
That children apply rules accurately to things that don’t exist. (Nature)
All children acquire language in the same order and usually at the same rate regardless of the ______ attention they receive.
Parental
“Look at those mens” is an example of?
A virtuous error applied by overextension.
Chomsky claimed that the language used by adults when speaking to children is ______
Impoverished
Define impoverished.
Language is ‘dumbed down’ to an intimate setting.
Berko and Brown discovered a phenomenon, name it.
The Fis Phenomenon
What did the Fis Phenomenon show?
That at that age, the child couldn’t pronounce the sh sound yet could differentiate the sound from s.
Define Virtuous error.
Children use speech they can’t have copied.
Chomsky believed that children have an ____ ability to understand _____.
Innate, grammar.
Chomsky claims that in our brains is a L.A.D. What does LAD stand for?
Language Acquisition Device
Chomsky believes the LAD enables children to listen to language being used and _______
Extract the rules of grammar from it
Chomsky believed that all languages share the same ______
Deep structure
He said that children are born with the knowledge of what?
Universal Grammar
Virtuous errors support the existence of the LAD. How?
As the LAD enables them to understand universal grammar. “Swim +ed”
