Theorie HTML

Question 1

Was bedeutet “www” ausgeschrieben

Answer 1

World Wide Web

Question 2

At the center of “the web today”

Answer 2

HTML Living Standard

Question 3

The Web: Architecture

• Client?
• Server?
• Interaction?

Answer 3

Client server architecture

• client: browser
• server: web server
• interaction: request and response

Question 4

World Wide Web Consortium

• short?
• Founded in?
• founder and director?

Answer 4

World Wide Web Consortium

• short: W3C
• Standardize technologies for the World Wide Web
• Founded: 1994 at the MIT
• Founder and director: Tim Bernerse-Lee

Question 5

Basic Languages of the Web

Answer 5

• HTML: Hypertext Markup Language

- CSS: Cascading Style Sheets

Question 6

Browsers are used as…

Answer 6

.. Web clients

Question 7

HTML is used to …

Answer 7

… specify contents and structure of documents

Question 8

CSS is used to …

Answer 8

… style the document

Question 9

What is a markup language

Answer 9

A markup language is a system for annotating a document in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from the text.

Question 10

LaTeX (Converted to PDF)

Answer 10

LaTex is a document preparation system of the TEX typesetting program.

Question 11

Basic Elements of the Web

Answer 11

1. Resources: What are the possible types of resources?
2. Address: What is the address of a resource?
3. Protocol: How do client and server negotiate the transfer of resources?

Question 12

GIF

Answer 12

Graphics Interchange Format

Question 13

JPEG

Answer 13

Joint Photographic Expert Group

Question 14

PNG

Answer 14

Portable Network Graphic

Question 15

SVG

Answer 15

for vector graphics (generated, databased, interactive)

Question 16

SVG and MathML can be embedded directly in…

Answer 16

HTML code

Question 17

MathML support in browsers out of the box is inferior to

Answer 17

..SVG

Question 18

MathML support can be added …

Answer 18

with a JS library: MathJax. The technique is called “Polyfill”

Question 19

give an example for a simple encoding

Answer 19

ASCII

Question 20

ASCII

Answer 20

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

Question 21

How many bits does ASCII use

Answer 21

7 bits (2^7=128)

Question 22

How many bits does ISO encodings use

Answer 22

8 bits (2^8=256)

Question 23

UTF-8

• ausgeschrieben?
• variable length encoding?
• backward compatible to?

Answer 23

• Unicode Transformation Format

- backward compatible to ASCII

Question 24

how can you insert UTF-8 to your HTML files

Question 25

URL ausgeschrieben

Answer 25

Uniform Resource Locator

Question 26

Host

Port

Answer 26

host: domain name or IP address

port: service on host to connect with
- default for HTTP: 80
- default for HTTPS: 443

Question 27

Wieviele Bits haben:

• IPv4?
• IPv6?

Answer 27

• IPv4: 32 Bit (2^32 addresses)

- IPv6: 128 Bit (2^128 addresses)

Question 28

was macht “the directory structure”

Answer 28

the directory structure directly corresponds to the ‘path’-part of the URL.

Important: clear directory structure

Question 29

check-tools?

Answer 29

lint tools, validators, test tools

Question 30

transform tools?

Answer 30

Sass, LESS to CSS, CoffeeScript to JavaScript

Question 31

Optimize tools?

Answer 31

Images, CSS, JavaScript (compress, join)

Question 32

photo editors and drawing applications

Answer 32

pixel and vector graphics

Question 33

A client requests resources form a

Answer 33

web server

Question 34

there a two different web servers

Answer 34

static and dynamic web servers

Question 35

Resources

Answer 35

HTML documents, CSS and JS-files, images, …

Question 36

SVG and MathML can be embeded in..

Answer 36

HTML

Question 37

which one is the preferred character encoding

Answer 37

UTF-8

Question 38

for what are URLs used

Answer 38

to address resources in the Web

Question 39

how can Hosts be identified

Answer 39

with IP addresses or domain names

Question 40

HTTP is the … at the application level

Answer 40

web protocol