Theoretical Models of Disability Flashcards
Views disability as the problem of the person, caused by disease, trauma, or other health condition.
Medical Model
Management of the disability is aimed at a ‘cure’ and medical care is viewed as the main issue and reformation to health care policy is needed.
Medical Model
PWD feel excluded, undervalued, or pressured to fit a norm. PWD express frustration when they are met with pitying attitudes when they speak positively about disability. Views disability as a “problem” that belongs to the PWD.
Medical Model
A strength of this model is that is can address the biological sources of disability, either by clinically curing them or providing ways to medically manage them.
Medical Model
A weakness of this model is that it treats disability as the inherent problem of the person and seeks a cure which overlooks the sociopolitical constraints of the disability.
Medical Model
Views disability as a socially created problem. Disability is not an attribute of an individual but a complex set of conditions created by the social environment.
Social Model
Under this model, it is the responsibility of society at large to make the environment accessible for the full participation of PWD
Social Model
A strength of this model is that it makes it clear that the barriers and challenges experienced by PWD are not inevitable or are they a characteristic of the person’s “broken” body.
Social Model
A weakness of this model is that it can downplay the aspects of disability too much and can put activists at odds with people with other political interests.
Social Model
A blend of medical and social model. ICF is based on this model.
Biopsychosocial Model
Model of disability that defines disability by a person’s ability to participate in work. Assess degree to which the disability affects productivity. Considers profit margins for employer, state welfare payments.
Economic Model
A strength of this model is that it recognizes the limitations on a person’s ability to work and that there may be a need for economic support or accommodation.
Economic Model
A weakness of this model is that is creates a legally defined category of people who are ‘needy’ which can be stigmatizing. If a person doesn’t meet the legal threshold for ‘disabled’ then they may not receive the support they need.
Economic Model
Practical perspective model that identifies limitations with emphasis on creating or promoting solutions to overcome limitations. Focus on reducing impact of limitations through technological or methodological innovation. Promotes entrepreneurship and inventiveness.
Functional Solutions Model
A strength of this model is that it is results oriented and seeks to provide real-world solutions.
Functional Solutions Model
A weakness of this model is that the need for profit can cause creators to miss the mark and create products that may be innovative but not practical or useful.
Functional Solutions Model
Model refers to a sense of deriving a personal identity from membership within a group of like-minded individuals. Most evident among deaf culture.
Social Identity or Cultural Affiliation Model
A strength of this model is that it accepts the disability completely and uses it as a point of pride in being associated with others with the same condition.
Social Identity or Cultural Affiliation Model
A weakness of this model is that the sense of exclusion by people who don’t fit into the groups established expectations.
Social Identity or Cultural Affiliation Model
This model regards PWD as unfortunate and in need of assistance.
Charity Model
A strength of this model is that it can inspire others to donate their time and money to provide assistance.
Charity Model
A weakness of this model is that it is condescending to PWD who may feel pitied and that they must depend on others.
Charity Model
