Theoretical considerations Flashcards
Bernard et al. (2007). Health inequalities and place: A theoretical conception of neighbourhood.
Gist: Although research exists regarding the impact of neighborhoods on health, few studies provide theoretical explanations. In reference to Giddens’ structuration theory, they propose that neighborhoods involve the availability of and access to health-relevant resources in a geographically defined area.
Gidden’s structuration theory: proposes a dialectical recursive relationship between structure & agency. Social structures impose constraints & offer opportunities that shape & orient people’s behaviors. Conversely, individuals are agents whose reflexive & routinized practices reproduce & transform social structures.
Two types of resources: (1) authoritative resources allow command over persons or other actors; (2) allocative resources refer to transformative capacity over objects & material capacity.
Five aspects of neighborhoods form the opportunity structure: (1) physical features shared by all residents; (2) presence of environments that support a healthful lifestyle at home, work, & play; (3) quality services for all segments of the population; (4) sociocultural features reflecting the neighborhood history & forming its social fabric; (5) area’s reputation displayed through representations of residents & other relevant actors.
From Godbout’s work on informal reciprocity, they also propose that the availability and access is regulated according to 4 sets of rules: proximity, prices, rights, and informal reciprocity. Additionally, these rules give rise to 5 domains: physical, economic, institutional, local sociability, & community organization which cut across neighborhood environments.
Jones. (2013). Levels of racism: A theoretic framework and a gardener’s tale.
Gist:
Thorpe & Kelley-Moore. (2013). Life course theories of race disparities: A comparison of the cumulative dis/advantage theory perspective and the weathering hypothesis.
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LaVeist. (2013). Exploring health disparities in integrated neighborhoods.
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Lillie-Blanton & LaVeist. (2013). Race/ethnicity, the social environment, and health.
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Gee & Payne-Sturges. (2013). Environmental health disparities: A framework integrating psychosocial and environmental concepts.
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Kilbourne, Switzer, Hyman, Crowleyy-Matoka, & Fine. (2013). Advancing health disparities research within the health care system: A conceptual framework.
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