Themes in Anatomy & Anatomical Directions & Force, heat, electricity and radiation

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

Structure of body parts and their relation to one another.

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

Study of function of the body’s structural machinery often at a cellular or microscopic level

Question 3

Pathophysiology

Answer 3

Study of structural and functional change in tissues and organs that lead to diseases

Question 4

6 levels of structural organisation

Answer 4

• Chemicals (Atoms, molecules)
• Cells
• Tissues
• Organs
• Organ Systems
• Organisms

Question 5

11 organ systems

Answer 5

• Digestive
• Muscular
• Urinary
• Nervous
• Lymphatic
• Skeletal
• Circulatory
• reproductive
• Respiratory
• Endocrine system
• Intergumentary

Question 6

Anatomical Variation

Answer 6

Variation in position, number or structure of particular organs or body parts (aka horse shoe shaped kidney)

Question 7

Homeostasis

Answer 7

Organisms ability to keep equilibrium in response to changes in internal or external environment by positive/ negative feedback.

Question 8

Three basic components of Homeostasis

Answer 8

• Receptors that senses and responds to stimuli
• Control centre
• Effector

Question 9

Negative feedback loop

Answer 9

• Human thermoregulation

Question 10

Positive feedback loop

Answer 10

• Child birth/going into labour

Question 11

Prone

Answer 11

Lying facing down

Question 12

Supine

Answer 12

Lying facing up

Question 13

Superior/cranial

Answer 13

Towards the head

Question 14

Inferior/caudal

Answer 14

Further from the head

Question 15

Posterior/dorsal

Answer 15

towards the back of the body

Question 16

Anterior/ventral

Answer 16

towards the front of the body

Question 17

Medial

Answer 17

Closer to the mid line

Question 18

Lateral

Answer 18

Away from the midline

Question 19

Force

Answer 19

Force = mass X acceleration

Unit is Newtons (N)

Question 20

Pressure and example of purpose in health care

Answer 20

Pressure = Force/area

- Blood pressure

Question 21

Heat and purpose in health care

Answer 21

Boiling, hot ovens and Autoclaves to kill bacteria

Question 22

Electricity and purpose in health care

Answer 22

Pacemaker wires

Question 23

Radiation and purpose in heath care

Answer 23

X-rays and gamma rays

Question 24

Upper Abdominopelvic Regions

Answer 24

1. Right hypochondriac region
2. Epigastric region
3. Left hypochondriac region

Question 25

Mid Abdominopelvic Regions

Answer 25

1. Right lumbar region
2. Umbilical region
3. Left lumbar region

Question 26

Lower Abdominopelvic Regions

Answer 26

1. Right iliac (inguinal) region
2. Hypogastric (pubic) region
3. Left iliac (inguinal) region

Question 27

Major Body Cavities

Answer 27

1. Cranial Cavity
2. Vertebrate Canal
3. Thoracic Cavity
4. Abdominopelvic Cavity (includes Abdominal and pelvic cavity)

Question 28

Parts of the Thoracic Cavity

Answer 28

1. Pericardial Cavity - A fluid filled space that contains the heart.
2. Pleural Cavity - 2 cavities that contain one lung each
3. Mediastinum - Contains Heart Esophagus, trachea, thymus

Question 29

Serous Membrane

Answer 29

Thin, slippery double-layered membranes that covers thoracic and abdominal cavities