Theme A GCSE Flashcards
give a quote about homosexuality
do not have sexual relations with a man as one does with a woman that is detestable
Leviticus 18:22 OT
how old do you gave to be to consent in UK`
16
when were same sex civil partnerships and marriages introduced
partnerships - 2005
marriage - 2014 same sex marriages legal redefining the idea of marriage - Christians do not agree with this
how do some Christians interpret the bible
- the context the bible was written in was different and should be taken into account
- traditional teachings need to be applied to a now modern world
what do Anglican and catholic churches think about homosexuality
believe homosexuality (not feelings but acts) is wrong as it doesn’t fit the marriage framework of a faithful marriage between a man and a woman
what do humanists and atheists think about homosexuality
humanists - same-sex relationships are fully accepted as long as the people involved consent and the relationship does not cause harm
atheists - varied views. give no authority to religious teachings but mat oppose on social or cultural grounds like older generations
what did the Lesbian and Gay Christian movement 1976 and CoE working party 1979 say about homosexuality
there are circumstances in which individuals may justifiably choose to enter into a homosexual relationship with the hope of enjoying companionship and a physical expression of love similar to that found in marriage
give two quotes about remarriage
many Christians for example Catholics believe that remarriage after divorce is a type of adultery (Mark 10:11)
however other Christians believe that remarriage is acceptable under certain circumstances for example marital unfaithfulness (Mathew 5:1-32)
what is family planning
choosing when to have children by using contraception
what are Christian teachings on contraception
artificial methods of contraception are new since all churches disproved of it until early 20th century
- CoE were the first to agree in 1930 at the Lambeth conference saying people should only have children they can care for
- Catholics and SOME Protestants think artificial contraception is a sinful act and goes against natural law (be fruitful and increase in number Genesis 1:28). They believe every sexual intercourse should be open to the possibility of contraception
only natural methods like rhythm method should be used (Catholic churches even disagree with this as Humane Vitae issued by Pope Paul VI in 1968 prohibits te prevention of human life at all)
what are non-religious attitudes to contraception
humanists believe that people should make their own decisions dependant on human well-being and therefore have no issue with contraception
‘results in every child being a wanted child an in better healthier lives for women, it must be a good thing’ - BHA
liberal Christians and SOME protestants agree with the BHA and their flexible approach particularly within a marriage relationship
what are the different methods of contraception
- diaphragm or condom used with spermicides
- contraceptive pill or injection
- intra uterine device or coil
- morning after pill
- sterilisation or vasectomy operation
- spermicidal jellies or creams
- rhythm method
what is the application of situation ethics towards contraception and family planning
situation ethics - in any situation to do the most loving action
in case of artificial contraception is it the most loving thing to do for everyone involved
situation ethics always depends on the situation taking economic, physical and phycological factors into account
- all Christians use the bible and their conscience to make decisions
- many Christians would respond with a degree of flexibility
- However Catholic Christians would apply one rule to all situations
what do Christians believe about marriage
- believe in the sanctity of marriage that marriage is a holy gift from god
- believe in faithfulness
- for many Christians for example Catholics marriage is also a sacrament (rite of passage) and a covenant before god
- believe marriage is ordained by god
give a quote about marriage
for this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united with his wife and the two will become one flesh
Mark 10:6-9 NT
Genesis 2:24 OT
give four main points about marriage
- god intended from creation that men and women should marry
- marriage is the most important adult relationship partners have
- marriage created a unity which is physical and emotional
- god joins the couple and others should respect this
define marriage
the public lifelong commitment and legal contract between two people that can only be ended by the death of one partner, divorce or annulment
in the UK what three legal requirements must be fulfilled for a marriage to take place
- both partners must be over 16
- neither must already be married
- both partners must enter the marriage freely
why is marriage important to society
- structure society into family groups
- encourages stability
- secure environment to raise children
- legal protection for both partners and children
- valued by both religious and non-religious people
define cohabitation
half of all couples in the UK today live together without being married
what are the arguments for cohabitation
- enables the couple to get to know each other properly
- couples can separate without legal consequences like divorce
- children can be brought up as successfully by a cohabiting couple as by a married couple
- marriage lacks importance to many people now
- Anglican and Protestant Christians accept this
what are the arguments against cohabitation
- encourages a casual attitude
- too easy to break up when times get tough instead of talking things through
- children are best brought up in stable home with two married parents
- the bible supports lifelong marriage
- Orthodox Christians and Catholics do not accept this
what do atheists do in regards to marriage
many choose a civil ceremony conducted by a registrar in any place licensed for weddings
what do humanists do in regard to marriage
specific humanist wedding services are not currently recognised by law anywhere in the UK other than Scotland - they may choose to have a civil ceremony as well as their own celebration
no set format/ couples design their own ceremonies/ they can take place anywhere because the person is licensed NOT the venue
define divorce
the legal termination of a marriage. UK law allows divorce if a marriage has ‘irretrievably broken down’
what are the most common reasons for divorce
- adultery
- unreasonable behaviour
- illness
- domestic abuse
- work and money pressure
- addiction
- falling out of love
- inability to have children
- desertion
divorce was not once socially acceptable but why are things different today
- it is easier and cheaper
- people are less prepared to tolerate bad treatment
- divorced people are not discriminated against now
how many marriages ended in divorce in England and Wales in 2012
42%
what do Christians teach on divorce and remarriage
CoE service book - that which god has joined together let no one divide
ideally marriage is a lifelong union
‘anyone who divorces his wife and marries another woman commits adultery against her’
Mark 10:11 NT
‘anyone who divorces his wife except for sexual immorality and marries another woman commits adultery’
Mathew 19:6-9 NT
what is the Catholic view on divorce and remarriage
divorce is not possible because it breaks the vows and covenant between the two people and God. If a Catholic does divorce they cannot remarry in a Catholic church. They WILL declare the marriage null if the couple were forces to marry or are under age and can marry in church again
‘marriage cannot be dissolved by any human power or for any reason other than death’
Catechism of the Catholic Church 2832
what is the CoE view on divorce and remarriage
divorce can be permitted on the grounds that:
- human beings make mistakes and relationships break down
- god forgives mistakes
- after asking god’s forgiveness, believers may divorce and remarry
conservative protestants disagree with divorce and remarriage
‘marriage should always be undertaken as a life long commitment but there are circumstances in which a divorced person may be married in church’
CoE statement
what is the atheists and humanist view on divorce and remarriage
atheists - some agree and some object due to social and cultural reasons
humanists - it is up to the couple to decide
though marriage is a useful social institution, humanists do not believe that it is ‘sacred’, recognise that some relationships fail and so support liberal divorce laws
- Family matter BHA
what do the Christian clergy do in relation to marriage support
offer support to couples who are having marriage problems through counselling, prayer and the sacraments
they refer couples to outside agencies such as Relate and Accord that provide counselling and advice. Christians should try to bring forgiveness and reconciliation back to marriages
what are the five main types of family
nuclear same-sex family extended family sing-parent family blended family
what is the nuclear family
two parents, married or unmarried and their children all living together
what is the same-sex family
two same-sex parents and their children who may be biologically related to either of the partners
what is the extended family
parents, children and other relations such as grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins living close together
what is the single-parent family
one parent living alone with their children this may be due to divorce, separation, the death of the other partner or because the parents voluntarily don’t want a partner
what is the blended family
parents living together with children that one or both of them had in previous relationships
what do good parents do
love, care for and raise their children to know right from wrong
religious parents are generally expected to raise their children within their faith
Christians place a high value on family life because it is in a family that a child learns to love
what is the importance of having children and raising a family
emphasised in Christian marriage service and Christians believe that children should be brought up in a loving and supportive family environment
what are the three purposes if the family according to Christians
procreation
education
security
discuss procreation as the purpose of the family
children are a gift from God and parents should look after them properly and provide them with what they need
the family shows children how to love, form relationships and worship god
discuss education as the purpose of family
teach children about god, faith and respect
at baptism parents promise to protect their child and teach them about god
children expected to respect parents authority and care for them in times of need
families educate their children within their faith such as Sunday school and youth groups
discuss security as the purpose of the family
believe all children have the right to be brought up in a secure, loving family setting
support charities involved with family life
CoE - The Children’s Society
Methodist church - Action for Children
give two quotes about family
‘honour your father and your mother’ (Exodus 20:12 OT)
‘Children obey your parents … Fathers do not exasperate your children: instead bring them up in the training and instruction of the Lord
(Ephesians 6:1,4 OT)
what does Christianity teach about opposing gender prejudice and discrimination
Paul teaches Christians to regard each other as equal (Galatians)
- Jesus treated men and women equal
- jesus healed a sick outcast woman
- spoke to a Samaritan woman despised by community
- defended woman who used expensive perfume to anoint him
how have Christians opposed gender prejudice and discrimination
wedding vows
Anglican - men vowed to love and cherish where as women vowed to obey, love and cherish and they believed obey supported domestic violence so removed it
Methodist - word obey was dropped in 1930’s
CoE and Anglican - ordains women into priesthood and now as bishops
Catholics church doesn’t allow any of this
