theme a Flashcards
what are the benefits of immigration?
(5 things)
- specialist skills
- they take jobs for lower wages but the UK still needs people to work those jobs for it to function
- economy growth
- diversity
- tolerance
what are the key age laws?
criminal responsibility: age 10
part time job: 13
consent + marriage with parents consent: 16
alcohol,voting,tobacco: 18
why is tolerance important?
for the ability to live alongside other who may have different views and beliefs toy you that you may not agree with.
what are some rights in the universal deceleration of human rights (1948)
- privacy
- freedom + equality
- innocent until proven guilty
- free education
- standards of living
- life, liberty and security
- a fair trial
- to own property
- to work
- freedom from slavery
why is mutal respect so important?
it is important for understanding other peoples beliefs and views which is needed fro social cohesion
why does the UK have a ageing population
(3 things)
- better healthcare
- better standards of living
- better nutrition
what is a economic migrant
someone who moves to another country for economic opportunities
how often does a census take place?
every 10 years
what are the features of high community cohesion
- tolerance
- respect
- celebration of diversity
- community projects
- sense of belonging
what are the features of a low community cohesion
- racism
- extremists
- segregation
- crime
- gang culture
- no-go areas
what are the pull factors of migration?
(5 things)
- economic opportunists
- protection of human rights
- better standards of living
- tolerance
- political stability
what does employment legislation include?
( 4 things)
- minimum wage
- health and safety laws
- contracts of employment
- equality act
what does the 2001 and 2011 census show about ethnicity
a decrease in white people and a increase in mixed ethnic groups
what are the challenges of immigration?
(6 things)
- demands of the nhs
- population growth
- housing
- language barriers
- extremist groups
- social integration issues
what is an asylum seeker
someone who seeks asylum in another country due to fear of persecution in their own country but they are yet to be accepted
what are the characteristics protected by the 2010 equality act ( 9 things)
- marriage
- age
- sex
- disability
- pregnancy
- race
- religion
- gender reassignment
- sexual orientation
how do schools promote mutal understanding?
- assembly
- citizenship + RE
- cultural events
- projects that challenge discrimination
what are the push factors of immigration?
(5 things)
- war or conflict
- natural disasters
- human rights abuse
- political persecution
- religious discrimination
what is the impact of an ageing population
( 3 things)
- more demands on the NHS
- higher cost of social care
- raised cost for pensions
what are the arguments that the human rights are not being upheld?
(two things)
- prisoners are not allowed to vote which goes against the right to vote
- homeless people are living on the streets which goes against the right to standards of living which includes housing
what are the effects of inequality?
- gender pay gap
- ageism
- religious discrimination
- gender reassignment discrimination
what is a refugee
someone who flees their country due to fear of persecution
what does the consumers act 2015 declare?
- a service or goods should be as advertised + fit for purpose
- services should be undertaken with reasonable care and skill
- customers can expect to have an exchange or their money back if goods are not as advertised, or repeated if service is unreasonable.
what are the 6 political rights for adults?
- to vote in a general election
- to vote in referendum
- to vote in a local election
- to stand in an election
- to vote for devolved assemblies and parliaments ( some nations)
- to vote for a mayor ( some nations)
what does the 2001 and 2011 census show about relgion
a decrease in those identifying as christian
an increase in those identifying as Muslim
an increase in people declaring no religion
what are the three essential concepts that underpin a democratic society
- diversity - mix of culture,religion,class ect
- integration - bringing community together
- community cohesion - creating communities that are integrated with each other
why are community projects beneficial and what are some example of some
promote cohesion
valuable way for people to interact and improve mutual understanding
- festivals and carnivals that celebrate diversity
- befriend a refugee project
- english language classes to help new arrivals
how can religious identity be shown
- symbols
- clothes
- attending places of worship
- relgious traditions
how can identity be defined
- age
- race
- religion
- national identity
many laws regarding the work place were fought for by the _______ party
labour party
what are some organisations that help with consumer law issues
- citizens advice
- trading standards
what are some political rights for all citzens
- creating and signing a petition
- lobby a member of parliament
- organise a campaign
- organise a public meeting
what are some citizen responsibility
- to vote
- to use voting as a an opportunity
- protesting ( legally)
- freedom of speech
what are the 3 basic principles of the rule of law
- equality before the law
- innocent until proven guilty
- access to justice - everyone has the right to use the justice system
when was the magma carta signed
1215
what did the magma carta do
- ended absolute power of the monarch
why was the universal declaration of human rights created
created in the wake of the horror of the holocaust
what does universal declaration of human rights do
establishes rights that every human is entitled to
what does the european convention on human rights protect
- ## provides protection for all UK citzens
what does the unites nations convention of the rights of the child do
- recognises that children under 18 are vulnerable
- sets out rights that every child should be entitled to e.g law, family life,education
what did the human rights act do
ratified the european convention on human rights into UK law
where is the central government based
westminster
what does the central government pass laws on?
national laws including defence, immigration and taxation
which areas are devolved assemblies responsible for
national legislation not covered by westminster
what are some responsibility of county councils
education
fire service
social care
transport
what do local councils provide
collection of council tax
social housing
leisure services
what is the role of regional bodies in local governance
to elect police and crime commissioners
what are parish and town councils responsible for
local services
allotments
parks
how are local councils are country councils organised
local councils have electoral areas called wards
county councils have electoral areas called divisions
what are three key roles within a local and country council
- mayor
- local councillors
- local officers
what is the role of a mayor
responsible for public services
what are responsibility of local councillors
to present their party and ward
every household must pay income tax with costs based on ________ ____
home value
what are examples of some council charges and fees
- parking
- admission to lesuire centres
what are services that councils are not allowed to charge
- education
-election - libraries
how is the magma carta significant today
- developed rights today
eg…
- limit authority powers
- fairness + limits to taxation
- acknowledges the rights of individuals
- all individuals have access to a fair trial
- no one is above the law
- no one is falsely imprisoned - fair trials
how many agreements were there in the magma carta
63
what are some key principles in the magma carta
- everyone is subject to the law including the king
- the church could appoint its own bishop and archbishop without the king interfering
- the king cant demand taxes without agreement from the barons and bishops - every region payed the same tax.
what are some key human rights legislation
universal decleration of human rights
european convention of human rights
united nations convention of the rights of the child
human rights act
when was the UDHR created
1948
why was the UDHR created
created in the wake of teh horrors of the holocaust in WW2
when was the european convention of human rights created
1953
when was the united antions convention of the rights of the child created
1990
when was the human rights act created
1998
what are some recent sources of migration into the UK.
1951-1961 - irish immigrants
2004: eastern european immigrants - the EU expansion brought over a million migrants
1948 -1971 - windrush - thousands of carribeans filled vacant UK jobs.
what is teh british isles made up of
the islands of great britian, ireland, isle of wight, the ise of man
what is great britain made up of
England wales and scotland
what does secularism mean
that there is no offical state religion
what is an example of someone with multiple identies
someone who has a scottish father and a jamacian mother may identify with both cultures
what is an example of ageism
not giving someone medication if they are over 75+
what si an example of relgious discrimination
workplaces not accommodating religious customs
what is an example of gender reassignment discrimination
toilets provided for only men and women
two differences between local councillors and officers
councillors are elected by the local population whereas officers are appointed to their post
councillors can have a political affiliation to political part whereas officer have to show no political bias
Explain two reasons why it is desirable that people who are elected as local
councillors come from the same local area.
Local councils spend locally raised money so they have to be accountable for their actions to the community where it is raised
It is a way local people can start to become involved in civic life and elections are a transparent and open way to do this
Suggest two ways in which individuals can be affected by inequality
It can affect people economically if they are treated unequally in the work
place in terms of pay
It can have an effect on people’s health and wellbeing
- It damages community life and cohesion - people could be subject to hate speech
Suggest two ways in which individuals can be affected by inequality.
Diversity means that there will be interaction and mixing between different
cultures which is important as it leads to a more tolerance and understanding
