Theme 2 - Principles of Surgery Flashcards
Name 2 examples of ancient surgeries
Treapanation (boreholes in the skull) and circumcision
What are the 5 problems associated with ancient surgeries?
Lack of knowledge Lack of instrumentation Blood and fluid loss Infection Pain
What are the 11 surgical specialities?
Dental surgery Obstetrics and gynaecology Ophthalmology Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) Cardiothoracic surgery Orthopaedic surgery Plastic and reconstructive surgery Paediatric Neurosurgery Urology General surgery
What are the primary aims of surgery?
Remove, repair, remove and repair, to relieve the problem
What are the 5 duties of surgery?
To remove what is superfluous (unnecessary)
To restore what has been dislocated
To separate what has grown together
To re-unite what has been divided
To redress (remedy) the defects of nature
What does the suffix -ectomy mean?
Surgical removal of part of body
What does the suffix -otomy mean?
Cutting into a body part, not always removing it
What does the suffix -ostomy mean?
Artificial opening in organ (GIT) to let fluid/waste through / to join two parts for communication btwn two parts
What does the suffix -plasty mean?
Alter a part of the body
What does the suffix -pexy mean?
Bind/attach something in a fixed position
What are the 2 surgical choices of entry?
traditional and minimal
What is traditional surgical access?
open, very invasive
What is minimal surgical access?
endosurgery, minimally invasive
What are the 3 areas involved in surgical instrumentation?
equipment, suture material, prosthesis
Name and explain 2 examples of surgical equipment
Diathermy - cuts through/stops bleeding using heat
Ultrasonic dissectors - use no heat
