Theme 1C- Changing Industrial Relations Flashcards
1919 Sankey Commission
Recommended that government should continue ownership of the mines
1926 Samuel Commission
Suggested that mine owners should modernise mines + shouldn’t make miners work longer hours, but gov shouldn’t subsidise miners wages and miners should accept pay cuts
1926 Samuel Memorandum
Proposed National Wages Board, guarantee a minimum wag for miners, ensure workers displaced by pit closures were given an alternative job, and wages should remain the same while talks continued
1927 Trade Disputes Act
Banned sympathy Strikes and mass picketing
1939 Control of Employment Act
Allowed semi-skilled workers to undertake formerly skilled jobs
1939 Emergency Powers (Defence Act)
Gave Bevan almost complete control over British workforce
What act was repealed in 1946?
The 1927 Trade Disputes Act
1969 White Paper
‘In Place of Strife’- proposed that the government could order a strike ballot before official strike action, workers in unofficial strikes could be ordered back to work
1970 Equal Pay Act
Prohibited any less favourable treatment between men and women in terms of pay and conditions of employment
1971 Industrial Relations Act
Attempted to introduce the measures in Castle’s white paper (ineffective)
1973 Three-Day Work Order
Commercial consumption of energy was limited to 3 consecutive days each week
What was repealed in 1974?
The 1971 Industrial Relations Act, negotiated a ‘social contract’ with the TUC- introduced price and rent control, public transport and housing subsidies, improvements in welfare, and measures to redistribute wealth
1975 Sex Discrimination Act
Prohibited sex discrimination in the workplace
1975 Employment Protection Act
Illegal to sack women for being pregnant, right to maternity pay
What was the 1939 Control of Employment Act?
Allowed semi-skilled workers to undertake formerly skilled jobs. Working conditions improved- Bevin insisted employers provide medical centres and canteens
How many were in war work by 1944?
33% of population incl 7 mil women
How did the war affect unemployment?
Only rose above 2% in 8 of the years 48-70 as employers needed to keep workers by improving wages and conditions
How did working conditions decline post 1970?
Growth of unemployment, decline in heavy industry, in 76 the labour gov accepted that previous working opportunities were no longer possible and abandoned the commitment to full employment
How did education affect working opportunities?
In the 50s, there was better education (Butler Act) and so a stronger economy. Increased education spending in 50s and 60s, more educational changes for women post war
How did technology affect working opportunities?
1951-61 avg weekly earnings for men doubled as people moved from mechanical jobs to technical jobs
How did the types of job change in the interwar years?
Heavy industry lost 1/3 of workforce, light engineering factories (producing consumer goods) increased workforce by 250%. Building industry increased workforce by 33%. Hotels and holiday camps increased workforce by 40%
How did the types of job change post war?
More availability of white collar jobs for women post WW2. 1956- over 500,000 directly employed in production of motor vehicles/components
How did working opportunities change for women post war?
1969 Dagenham Ford strike won a pay deal of 90% of men’s rate for similar work. 1970 Equal Pay Act, 1975 Sex Discrimination Act and 1975 Employment Protection Act
