THEME 1

Question 1

CEREBRAL CORTEX STURCTURE AND FUNCTION

Answer 1

Outer layer of the brain highly folded into many gyri separated by sulcus grooves, split into frontal, occipital, parietal, and temporal lobes

Each lobe contains primary areas (directly related to sensation/movement) and association areas (make sense of sensory/motor information)

Frontal (Motor, olfactory, higher functioning, and Brock’s speech production), parietal (somatosensory and Wernicke’s language comprehension), temporal (auditory, limbic, and Wernicke’s), and occipital (visual)

Question 2

DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRAIN

Answer 2

Prosencephalon: Expands into telencephalon (cerebrum and lateral ventricles) and diencephalon (thalamus and 3rd ventricle)

Mesencephalon: Mid brain and aqua duct

Rhombencephalon: Expands into metencephalon (pons, cerebellum, and upper part of 4th ventricle) and myelencephalon (medulla and lower part of 4th ventricle)

Question 3

CIRCLE OF WILLIS AND CORTICAL BLOOD SUPPLY

Answer 3

Anastomose between ICA and VA

ICA: Gives off A+P communicating, ophthalmic and A choroid, and A+M cerebral arteries

VA: Gives off spinal and IP cerebellar arteries, merges into the basilar artery, gives off IA cerebellar and pontine arteries, and S cerebellar and P cerebral arteries

Cortical supply: A cerebral supplies superior frontal (laterally) and frontal and parietal (medially), P cerebral supplies superior parietal, inferior temporal, and occipital (laterally) and occipital (medially), and M cerebral supplies majority of brain (laterally) and basal ganglia (medially)

Question 4

CSF

Answer 4

Produced by choroid plexus and ependymal cells in ventricles

Flow: Lateral - interventricular foramen - 3rd - aqua duct - 4th - median and lateral foramen - subarachnoid space and spinal canal - back to superior sagittal sinus