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Theatre Test 2 > Theatre Test 2 > Flashcards

Theatre Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Understand the four distinguishing characteristics of sound in music.

A
  1. Pitch
  2. Dynamics
  3. Timbre(tone color)
  4. Duration
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2
Q

Define sound(noise):

A

Sound(noise): anything that stimulates the auditory nerve, exists in waves.

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3
Q

What is the definition of pitch?

A

Quality that allows us to classify a sound as relatively high or low

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4
Q

Review cycle. What classifies a cycle? How do we measure a pitch with cycles?

A

Cycle: one complete vibration of the sound wave

Pitch is measured by cycles per second or Hertz(Hz)

Pitch A440 equals 440 cycles per second

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5
Q

What is the difference between an interval and an octave

A

Interval- space between two pitches (half or full step)

Octave- interval between two duplicating pitches

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6
Q

Define Timbre

What is fundamental

What is harmonics

A

Timbre (tone color): quality of a tone that distinguishes it from another tone at the same pitch

Fundamental: the frequency you clearly perceive.

Harmonics: other frequencies found in the pitch

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7
Q

Define duration

A

Duration: length of time a vibration continues without interruption

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8
Q

What is a beat

a. What is Meter?
b. What is accent?

A

Beat: individual pulse, basic unit of time in music

Meter- beats clustered into regular units, double, triple, quadruple meter

Accent- emphasis on particular beat

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9
Q

Define harmony:

A

2 or more tones sounding at the same time

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10
Q

What is the difference between dissonance and consonance?

A

Dissonance- harmonies that sound tense and unstable

Consonance: harmonies that sound pleasant and stable

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11
Q

Understand the difference between monophony, homophony and polyphony

A
  1. Monophony: single line without accompaniment(same notes, same time, in unison)ex. The sound of Silence
  2. Homophony: chords accompany one musical melody
  3. Polyphony: “many sounding” 2+ melodic lines of relatively equal interest performed at the same time
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12
Q

Define A Cappella

A

Music created using only the human voice

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13
Q

Which family of instruments is most numerous in the orchestra?

A

Violin family

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14
Q

What are the three methods for playing a woodwind instrument? Which woodwind instruments can be found in each category?

A

Played 3 ways

Air blown directly through instrument

Air blown indirectly through a reed

Air blown indirectly through 2 reeds clamped tightly together with a small space between

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15
Q

What instruments can be found in the brass family?

a. What is the function of the valves?
b. What instrument does not utilize valves in the brass family?

A

French horn
Trumpet
Trombone
Tuba

Valves control the amount of airflow to achieve varying pitches

Trombone does not use valves

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16
Q

Define definite pitch and indefinite pitch as found in the percussion family and which instruments are found in these two categories?

A

Definite pitch- produces a clear fundamental pitch, can be sung (bells, xylophone, marimba)

Indefinite pitch- produce no recognizable specific pitch (drums, triangle, cymbals,gong)

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17
Q

How is sound produced from a piano, a harpsichord and an organ?

A

Piano- percussion
Harpsichord- plucked string
Organ- wind

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18
Q

Define repetition pattern

A

Relationship of movements to each other as the dance progresses.

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19
Q

What is the difference between mime and pantomime dance?

A

Mime- suggests movements we associate with people or animals or employs any sign language

Pantomime- movement is “acting-out” dramatic action without words. Dancer takes on a character.

20
Q

What are the three main types of dance, and what does each do?

A

Narrative
-tells a story

Abstract
-expresses aspects of human emotion or condition

Divertissement “diversion”
-the absence of narrative or abstract ideas.

21
Q

What are the five elements of dance discussed in class?

A
  1. Body(main outlet for communication in dance)
  2. Action&Energy(any human movement included in the act of dance.. Quality of force used in movement)
  3. Space(physical area in which the body moves)
  4. Time(beat,tempo,duration,rhythm)
  5. Relationship(overall cohesiveness of dance elements to produce a unified work)
22
Q

Define mise-en-scene

A

Visual theatrical elements that support a dance

23
Q

Define Labanotation

A

Written system of movement notation

24
Q

How is line and form achieved in dance?

A

The dancers body creates line and form

25
Q

Define dynamics in dance

A

Dynamics in dance can invoke different ideas or emotions from the same movements.

26
Q

What are the 3 court dances we watched in class

A

Pavan- processional dance, means “peacock” for the ladies dresses

Galliard- more lively dance, includes hops and leaps

Volt- more suggestive, women lifted by men

27
Q

Define locomotor and non-locomotor

A

Locomotor- body moving from one place to another

Non-locomotor: body moving while anchored to one spot

28
Q

What are pathways in dance?

A

The route/movement taken from A to B

29
Q

Who was Catherine De’ Medici, and how did she contribute to the development of dance?

A

Queen of France 1547-1559

She Introduced Court Ballet; a program that included dance, decor, costume, song, music and poetry

30
Q

Who was the monarch that loved dance and frequently danced in court ballets?

A

Louis XIV(1638-1715)

31
Q

Who is credited with inventing (or codifying) the 5 basic positions in ballet?

A

Pierre Beauchamp

32
Q

How did the proscenium stage change ballet?

A

Separated the dancers from the audience

Emphasized the importance of turnout

Women allowed on stage 1681

33
Q

What is Marie Camargo known for?

A

Known for speed, agility and executing jumping stems previously only done by men

Raised skirt to show off foot work

34
Q

What is Marie Salle known for?

A

1730’s left Paris for London

Costume innovations: discarded masks, headdresses, hoop skirts and jewels

First woman to choreograph dances she performed, integrated music, costume and choreograph with theme of ballet

35
Q

During what era or time period did the ballerina become the dominant figure in ballet?

A

Romanticism (late 18th century to late 19th century)

36
Q

What is Marie Taglioni known for?

A

Most famous ballerina of the Romantic era

Perfected en pointe technique

New costume: calf-length tulle skirt and sleeve-less bodice

37
Q

What was modern dance revolting against?

A

Formalized movement

38
Q

What technical area of theatre did Loie Fuller advance w/ new innovations?

A

Inventor- stagecraft lighting(chemicals for gels, slides, and luminescent salts for lighting color and effect)

39
Q

What is Isadora Duncan known for? (1877-1927)

A

Credited as first dancer to present modern dance to the public

Drew inspiration for movement from nature

Danced in flowing, Greek tunic-like garments

Expressive dance: movements were expressing the inner-man/soul.

40
Q

What school did Ruth St. Denis found with her husband?

A

Ruth & Husband(Ted Shawn) created Denishawn School: first great American dance company

41
Q

What is Mary Wigman known for?

A

Choreographer of German Expressionism

Extremely connected to space: dancer engages the forces within herself with those forces that press in from the outside

No movement is bad or ugly

Emancipated dance from music

  • silence
  • percussion
42
Q

What is Martha Graham known for, and what dances did she create?

A

Considered mother of modern dance

Sharp, abrupt, angular movements

Contraction and release technique based on breathing. Focuses on the body on tight contraction.

Explored the psychological conditions of American life- man vs. society or man vs. himself

43
Q

What is the main difference between World Concert/Ritual and Folk dance?

A

Folk- A dance that originated among, and what transmitted through, the common people of a region, country or specific group of people

Main Focus: To provide social activity, often a community participation activity.

Preserve cultural heritage of community

WORLD- Concert and ceremonial dances specific to a country and culture

  • specific music
  • often ceremonial function:ritual dance

Main focus: often performed for an audience. The audience DOES NOT participate

44
Q

What are the roots of Jazz dance?

A

Bob Fosse(1927-1987)

Grew up tap dancing in burlesque clubs: infused his dance with sexuality and dark humor.

His own body image issues informed his dancing

Katherine Dunham

  • Studied ballet
  • study anthropology at Unicersity. Her dance is an anthropological look at a people’s culture through their dance heritage
  • The Dunham technique: fused movements of Caribbean and African dance culture with European ballet.
45
Q

What influenced Bob Fosse’s style?

A

Infused his dance with sexuality and dark humor

His own body image issues informed his dancing

46
Q

What choreographer took an anthropological perspective on dance?

A

Katherine Dunham

47
Q

What is tap dancing a mix of?

A

Born out of African drum rhythms mixed with traditional European step dancing.

Uniquely American art form

Theatre Test 2 (2 decks)

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