the x-ray machine

Question 1

PID

Answer 1

• Aims and shapes x-ray beams

* An open ended lead lined cylinder extending from the opening of the metal housing of the tube head

Question 2

Metal Housing

Answer 2

*Protects the x-ray tube and grounds the high-voltage components

• filled with oil
• Metal body of the tube head which surrounds x-ray tube.

Question 3

Insulating Oil

Answer 3

*Prevents overheating by absorbing the heat created by the production of x-ray

• 99% heat 1% x-ray
• Surrounds the x-ray and transformers inside the tube head.

Question 4

Tubehead Seal

Answer 4

• Aluminum or leaded-glass covering of the tube head.
• Permits the exit of x-rays from the tube head
• Seals the oil in the tubehead
• Acts as a filter to the x-ray beam

Question 5

Aluminum Disk

Answer 5

• Aluminum placed in the path of the x-ray beam

* Filters out the non-penetrating longer wavelength x-rays

Question 6

Lead Collimator

Answer 6

• Lead plate
• Contains a central hole that fits directly over the opening of the metal housing where the x-rays exit
• Restricts the size of the x-ray beam

Question 7

Cathode

Answer 7

• Consists of tungsten filament in a cup shaped holder made of molybdenum
• Purpose of cathode is to supply the electrons necessary to generate x-rays
• The electrons produced in the negative cathode are accelerated toward the positive anode

1. Tungsten filament:
   - coiled wire made of tungsten
   - produces electrons when heated
2. Molybdenum cup:
   - focuses the electrons into a narrow beam
   - Directs beam across the tube toward the tungsten target of the anode

Question 8

Anode

Answer 8

• Positive electrode
• Consists of a wafer thin tungsten plate embedded in copper
• Purpose is to convert electrons into x-ray photons

1. Tungsten target:
   - plate of tungsten
   - serves as focal spot
   - converts bombarding electrons into x-ray photons
2. Copper stem :
   - Dissipates heat away from the tungsten target

Question 9

What consists in the Operating Console?

Answer 9

• Autotransformer
• Exposer timer
• HIgh voltage generator

Question 10

Components inside x-ray tube

Answer 10

• Protective housing
• Cathode
• Anode

Question 11

Overview of Cathode

Answer 11

• Negative side of x-ray
• Consists of
• Filament
• Focusing cup
• Filament
• Thermionic emission
• Tungsten
• Focusing cup
• embedding the filament
• negatively charged
• space charge effect

Question 12

Overview of Anode

Answer 12

• Positive side of tube
• Conducts electricity
• Radiates heat
• Contains the target
• copper
• molybdenum
• graphite
• stationary
• rotating