The wider apects of chemistry Flashcards
What is the primary source of energy worldwide?
The majority of energy is provided by burning fossil fuels.
What gas is released by burning fossil fuels?
Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and oceans.
By how much has the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased in the last 100 years?
The level of carbon dioxide has increased by around 30%.
What environmental issue is contributed to by increased carbon dioxide levels?
Increased carbon dioxide levels contribute to global warming.
What is happening to the oceans as a result of increased carbon dioxide?
Oceans are becoming more acidic, leading to serious biological effects.
What are some alternative energy sources being sought due to falling fossil fuel supplies?
Alternative sources include nuclear power, biomass, and solar energy.
What is the goal of using biomass fuels?
The goal is to achieve carbon neutrality.
What does carbon neutrality mean?
It means that the carbon dioxide generated by burning the fuel is compensated for by that absorbed during photosynthesis.
What is being done to improve nuclear power?
Efforts are being made to make nuclear power safer.
What role do semiconductors play in solar power?
Semiconductors are used in solar power to increase efficiency and reliability.
Why is hydrogen being researched as a fuel?
Hydrogen does not produce carbon dioxide when burnt.
Why is hydrogen not readily available on Earth?
Hydrogen does not occur naturally on Earth.
What is being researched to produce hydrogen?
Research is being done on solar photolysis of water.
What is the aim of Green Chemistry?
Green Chemistry aims to make chemicals and products with minimal environmental impact.
What is one method to achieve the goals of Green Chemistry?
Use as little energy as possible from renewable sources.
What type of raw materials does Green Chemistry prefer?
Green Chemistry prefers renewable raw materials, such as plant-based compounds.
What is meant by high atom economy in Green Chemistry?
Methods should have high atom economy to minimize waste.
What type of catalysts does Green Chemistry aim to develop?
Better catalysts, such as enzymes, to carry out reactions at lower temperatures and pressures.
What should be avoided in Green Chemistry?
The use of solvents that are harmful to the environment.
What is a requirement for products at the end of their useful lives in Green Chemistry?
Products should be biodegradable.
What materials should be avoided in Green Chemistry?
Toxic materials and undesirable by-products should be avoided.
