The widening of the Cold War Flashcards
Who was the emporer of Japan at the time of Japanese surrender in WWII and what happened to him?
Emporer Hitohito also known as Emporer Showa
He remained as the titular head of government
Who was the US general that was given decision making power in Japan?
General Douglas MacArthur
What were the three key stages in US-Japan relationships?
1) Intitial attempt to reform
2) Economic reconstruction (reverse course)
3) Peace treaty and Bilateral security agreement
What were the four forms that intial reform in Japan took place in?
NOT the 4D’s
Democratisation
Demilitarisation
Reeducation
Economic reform
How was Japanese society democratised by the US during post WWII intial reform?
Women were given the vote
Labour unions were allowed to be created
Key right wing parties were re-established
Why might the democratisation of Japan not entirely be democratic?
3 points
- Key right wing party memebers were put through shorter periods of rehabilitation and key right wing parties were establsihed faster
- Communist sympathisers were removed out from key administrative postions
- Labour unions were later supressed as communist influence in Asia increased with the PLA turning China communist
How was Japan demiliterised by the US during post WWII intial reform?
2 points
- Wartime leaders stood for warcrimes and 7 were executed
- Japan was forced to renounce it’s right to wage war
How was Japan Reeducated by the US during post WWII intial reform?
The elitist education system was replaced with a system resembling the one in US.
How was Japan economically reformed by the US during post WWII intial reform?
- Reformed land reducing number of tenant farmers from 46% to 10%
- Broke up the monopoly that major business families called Zaibatsu had in industries allowing economic growth
What was the reverse course?
A shift of US policy from attempting to punish Japan to attempting to rebuild it economically
What is the name of the new Japanese budget introduced under the reverse course and how much of a surplus did it have?
The super balance budget
157 million yen
approximately $4 million
Who were the two people that designed this budget?
Ikeda Hayato and Joseph Dodge
What were some measures introduced to reconstruct the Japanese economy?
- A blalanced budget
- Reformation of taxation
- Increased trade regulation
- Price controls
What was the formal peace treaty between Japan and the US called and when was it?
San Fracisco Peace Treaty
1951
What did the SFPT do?
if you don’t get the abbreviation you are a retard
Forced Japan to give up claims on teritories it captured during WWII
Considered USA and Japan soverign equals
What did the SFPT not do?
5 points
It did not recognise Japanese responsibility in WWII
It did not demand reparations from Japan to East Asain countries
It did not restrict the future Japanese political model
It did not restrict future Japanese re-armement
It did not restrict the Japanese economy
Why were the US forced to agree to the SFPT?
Emerging threat in Asia following the Sino - Soviet alliance in 02/1950
What was the other agreement signed alongside the SFPT called?
Bilateral security agreement
What was agreed in the bilateral security agreement between USA and Japan?
4 points
1)USA could use Japanese military bases in an unrestricted manner
2)USA would have full control over the islands of Okinanwa
3)USA would have right to interfere during Japanese internal problems
4)USA would have the power to veto Jpaanese decions providing military bases to other conutries
When was the Japanese military re-established?
What was it called?
1952
National Safety Agency
What was the name of the party which had control over China following the end of the second world war?
What was the name of it’s leader
the Guomindang (soemtimes called the KMT)
Jiang Jieshi ( Chang Kai-Shek)
How did Jieshi gain control of china following the WWII.
The USA ordered the japanese troop to only surrender to the KMT(not surreder areas to the CCP)
Stalin agreed to give the KMT control of Manchuria in return for some concessions
How did Jieshi lose control of China?
Jieshi lost public support from key cities
This was due to
* Loss of life due to the civil war
* Heavy inflation
* Rapid reform which brought his own men into positions of power
How did Stalin support the CCP?
Pulled out of Manchuria allowing the CCP to take control of it
Trained CCP troops utilizing Soviet personnel
