The What and How of Statistics Flashcards
Data
Information.
Data Distribution
A listing of the values or responses associated with a particular variable in a data set.
Data Point
The individual pieces of information in a data set.
Data Set
The collection or bundle of information relative to specific variables.
Inferential Statistics
Statistical procedures used to make statements or inferences about a population, based on sample statistics.
Interval Level of Measurement
A system of measurement based on an underlying scale of equal intervals.
Nominal Level of Measurement
The simplest level of measurement; based on categories that are mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive.
Ordinal Level of Measurement
A level of measurement that presumes the notion of order.
Parameter
A characteristic of the population or universe.
Population
All possible cases. It is often thought of as the total collection of cases that you’re interested in.
Ratio Level of Measurement
A level of measurement that has all the properties of the interval level of measurement, plus the presence or possibility of a true or legitimate zero point.
Interval and Ratio Level of Measurement
Since there is no practical difference between the interval and ratio levels of measurement when it comes to statistical analysis, the terms are often combined to refer to any scale of measurement that is either interval or ratio.
Descriptive Statistics
Statistical procedures used to summarize or describe data.
Sample
A portion of the population or universe.
Statistic
A characteristic of a sample.
