The war years Flashcards
Explain the difference between SD reports and public opinion.
SD reports were Nazified, providing the Nazis with information on the situation. It was generally positive however public opinion differed.
What effects did bombing have on civilians?
Continuous defeat dampened morale.
Why was Germany continuously defeated?
The army retreated, the U-boats failed and the Allies were advancing and getting stronger for example, the Normandy landings in 1944
How many times was Hamburg bombed in 2 weeks?
7 times
Who bombed the Germans?
The RAF at night and the USAAF during the day
What city was continuously bombed in 1942?
Lübeck
In the space of 4 months, how many cities were bombed?
43 German cities
How many civilians were killed in a raid in July 1943?
35-40,000 people
What was the problem surrounding evacuation in 1942?
Unequal treatment of people caused class tensions and sometimes religious tension.
What happened in Dortmund?
300 women had their rationing books banned for returning to the city.
Why did attacks of repression occur during the war?
Because moral fell and defeatist remarks (criticism of leadership and loss of faith) were made. Penalties were made even death was an option.
What did the NSV do?
Focus on practical issues regarding air raids such as providing food and drink for the survivors as well as compensation payments.
Why was there housing problem?
2 million homes were destroyed so there was a requisition of housing in 1943, however this caused discontent and did not relieve housing shortages.
How did Goebbels help?
He talked of retaliation and development of weaponry to boost morale.
Why did Goebbels need to help?
He need to stop exhaustion of civilians and boost confidence in food supplies and air raids.
Why was their added pressure on workers?
They needed to turn up to work and not oppose the war. They had to produce bombs and armaments.
Why was life tough for workers in later years?
They had to work 60 hours per week for no extra pay and holidays were banned. There were higher levels of abseentism but rewards were given to those who attended work.
Why did Goebbels give his total war speech in 1943?
Germany was struggling for survival and Goebbels needed to boost morale and engage people in total war.
Why was Goebbels speech unsuccessful?
By 1943 it was too late -Germany were slow to adjust to total war after the invasion of Russia. There was also no involvement from Hitler.
