the wanderer

Question 1

geond lagulade longe sceolde
hreran mid hondum hrimcealde s’ea,
wadan wr’eaclastas; wyrid bi6 ful artade!

Answer 1

must for a long time move by hand
along the sea ways, the ice cold sea,
travel the paths of exile. fate is always determined.

alliteration. declarative sentence. past tense, cw’aed (spoke), in contrast to ending.

Question 2

p’aet he his fer6locan feast binds,

healed his fordcofan, hycge sea he wille.

Answer 2

(it is a common custom), That men should keep his spirit-chest (mind) secure,
guard his treasure-chamber (feelings), think as he wishes.

metaphor for his mind. careful not to speak it to strangers

Question 3

hw’ae ic fear oppe neah findan meahte
pone pe in meoduhealle minne Mine wisse
oppe mec freondleasne frefran solde
fenian mid wynnum. ————————

Answer 3

(i looked) where I, far or near, might find
one in the mead hall who knew my mind
or wished to comfort the friendless one,
entertain me with joys.

Question 4

fer6loca freorig

Answer 4

he is “a frozen spirit”. hasn’t found the providence of got yet in this first movement.

Question 5

bapian brimfuglas, br’aedan fepra
hreosan grim and snow, eagle gemenged….
greed gliwstafum georne geondsceawa6
secga geseldan swimma6 eft onweg

Answer 5

(he has woken up from dream about meadhall and sees the sea birds. sorrow is renewed for his lord)
sea birds bathe, spread their wings.
Frost and snow fall, mixed with hail…
he greets them joyfully, eagerly scants
his companions of men. they always swim away.

Question 6

forhwan modsefa min ne gesweorce 
bonne ic earl if eal geondpence 
hu hi f'aerlice flet ofgeafon 
mode magupegnas, swa pes middangeard
ealra dogra gehwan dreose6 ond feallep

Answer 6

indeed, i cannot think why my spirit
does not darken when i ponder on the whole
life of men, how the proud thanes left the hall, so this middle earth,
on each day droops and decays

there is a volta after duck thing. tone here turns reflective.

Question 7

………….. With steal gepyldig
no steal no to hathreort ne to hr’eadwyrde
ne to wac wiga ne to wanhydig

Answer 7

wise man must be patient
never be too impulsive, nor too heavy of speech,
nor too weak a warrior, nor too reckless
(nor fearful, too cheerful, too greedy for goods)

Question 8

6onne sorg and slaep sonor aegaedre

Answer 8

sorrow and sleep, together at the same time

Question 9

Ypde swa pisne eardgeard aelda scyppend

Answer 9

(after recalling the falling of walls, the death of all men and beasts)
And so he destroyed the city, he, the Creator

becoming to fear the providence of God through reflection. thus he gains humility

Question 10

hiro hreosende hrusan binded
wintres woman, ponne won cymed
…
hero haeglfare haelepum on andan

Answer 10

falling frost fathers the earth
the harbinger of winter. then dark comes
… a hail storm in malice against men.

Question 11

clyppe ond cysse ond on cent lecge

Answer 11

(he thinks in his mind that he)
embraces and kisses his lord
(and lays his head upon hiss knees)

Question 12

her bi6 foeh laene, her bi6 freond laene,

her bi6 mon laene, her bi6 maeg laene;

Answer 12

here money is fleeting, here friends are fleeting
here man is fleeting, here kinsman is fleeting
(all the world turning to waste)

Question 13

earl mid else gefremman. wel bid pam pe him are sece6

frofre to faeder on heofonum, pae us eal faestnung stonde6.

Answer 13

(the wise man spoke, sitting apart in council. good is he who knows his faith)
a hero, must act with courage. it is better for the one that seeks mercy,
to get comfort from the god of heaven, where for us all permanence rests

(ends like start. mercy. transience)

Question 14

wyn eal gedreas!

Answer 14

all the joys have died!

joys of past leads to present sorrow. one must not dwell on past

Question 15

Ongietan steal gleaw haele hu gaestlic bi6

ponne earle pisse warulde wela weste stonde6

Answer 15

a wise man must realise how terrible it will be

when all the wealth of the world lies waste.