The Vine and Enviromental Factors Flashcards
What is the main Eurasian vine species used for winemaking?
a) Vitis labrusca
b) Vitis riparia
c) Vitis vinifera
d) Vitis rupestris
e) Vitis aestivalis
Vitis vinifera
Which of the following is NOT a method used to propagate grape varieties?
a) Cuttings
b) Layering
c) Seeds
d) Grafting
e) Clonal selection
Seeds
What is the term for a group of vines that shows a particular set of unique characteristics within a grape variety?
a) Variety
b) Species
c) Cultivar
d) Clone
e) Hybrid
Clone
Which part of the vine is responsible for photosynthesis?
a) Roots
b) Trunk
c) Buds
d) Tendrils
e) Leaves
Leaves
What is the woody part of the vine that is more than one year old called?
a) One-year-old wood
b) Green parts
c) Permanent wood
d) Rootstock
e) Cane
Permanent wood
Which of these is NOT a function of vine roots?
a) Absorb water
b) Absorb nutrients
c) Anchor the vine
d) Photosynthesis
e) Store carbohydrates
Photosynthesis
What insect pest devastated European vineyards in the 19th century?
a) Nematodes
b) Grape berry moth
c) Phylloxera
d) Leafhopper
e) Mealybug
Phylloxera
What technique is used to join a rootstock to a Vitis vinifera variety?
a) Budding
b) Grafting
c) Layering
d) Cloning
e) Hybridizing
Grafting
What is the minimum temperature needed for vine growth?
a) 5°C
b) 10°C
c) 15°C
d) 20°C
e) 25°C
10°C
Which of these is NOT a factor affecting heat in a vineyard?
a) Latitude
b) Altitude
c) Ocean currents
d) Soil pH
e) Aspect
Soil pH
What is the term for the temperature difference between the coldest and hottest months?
a) Diurnal range
b) Seasonality
c) Continentality
d) Temperature amplitude
e) Climate variation
Continentality
Which of these is NOT a method used to protect vines from spring frosts?
a) Heaters
b) Wind machines
c) Sprinklers
d) Pesticide application
e) Thoughtful vineyard design
Pesticide application
What process in the vine requires sunlight?
a) Respiration
b) Transpiration
c) Photosynthesis
d) Fermentation
e) Oxidation
Photosynthesis
Which of these is NOT a common irrigation technique?
a) Drip irrigation
b) Sprinklers
c) Flood irrigation
d) Mist irrigation
e) Furrow irrigation
Mist irrigation
What can excessively high temperatures cause in vines?
a) Increased photosynthesis
b) Faster ripening
c) Higher sugar content
d) Cessation of all vine activity
e) Increased water uptake
Cessation of all vine activity
Which of these is NOT a hazard related to water for vines?
a) Drought
b) Waterlogging
c) Hail
d) Heavy rainfall
e) Sunburn
Sunburn
What term describes the annual pattern of temperature sunlight and rainfall averaged over several years?
a) Weather
b) Seasonality
c) Climate
d) Terroir
e) Microclimate
Climate
Which of these is NOT a climate classification used in the WSET Level 3 syllabus?
a) Cool climate
b) Moderate climate
c) Warm climate
d) Hot climate
e) Subtropical climate
Subtropical climate
What type of climate is characterized by the greatest difference in temperature between the hottest and coldest months?
a) Maritime climate
b) Mediterranean climate
c) Continental climate
d) Tropical climate
e) Polar climate
Continental climate
Which soil particle size is the largest?
a) Clay
b) Silt
c) Sand
d) Stones
e) Humus
Stones
What is the organic component of soil called?
a) Loam
b) Clay
c) Humus
d) Silt
e) Peat
Humus
Which of these is NOT a primary need of a vine?
a) Heat
b) Sunlight
c) Water
d) Carbon monoxide
e) Nutrients
Carbon monoxide
What is the first visible sign that grapes are starting to ripen?
a) Increase in size
b) Softening of berries
c) Change of color (veraison)
d) Increase in sugar content
e) Decrease in acidity
Change of color (veraison)
What technique involves bending a cane down and burying a section to create a new vine?
a) Grafting
b) Budding
c) Layering
d) Cutting
e) Cloning
Layering
Which of these is NOT a part of the green growth on a vine?
a) Shoot
b) Leaf
c) Tendril
d) Trunk
e) Flower
Trunk
What is the process of managing the leaves of the vine called?
a) Pruning
b) Trellising
c) Canopy management
d) Leaf thinning
e) Shoot positioning
Canopy management
Which of these factors does NOT affect the amount of sunlight a vineyard receives?
a) Latitude
b) Cloud cover
c) Aspect
d) Soil type
e) Slope steepness
Soil type
What can cause bitter flavors to develop in grape skins?
a) Frost damage
b) Excessive rainfall
c) Drought stress
d) Sunburn
e) Fungal infection
Sunburn
Which of these is NOT a major component of soil?
a) Sand
b) Clay
c) Stones
d) Granite
e) Humus
Granite
What is the ideal water situation for a vine after veraison?
a) Abundant water
b) Severe drought
c) Mild water stress
d) Waterlogging
e) Frequent irrigation
Mild water stress
