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Whibley's Asian History > The Vietnam War (1954 - 1975) > Flashcards

The Vietnam War (1954 - 1975) Flashcards

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1
Q

What was Vietnam called before World War II?

A

French Indochina

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2
Q

Before World War II, Vietnam was part of which European empire?

A

French

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3
Q

Who took over control of Vietnam during World War II?

A

Japan

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4
Q

What happened to Vietnam at the end of World War II?

A

When the Japanese surrendered in August 1945, Vietnam claimed independence

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5
Q

Who led the Vietnamese to independence? What was his army called?

A

Ho Chi Minh (and Ngugen Vo Giap),

He led the Vietminh or The Vietnam Independence League

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6
Q

When was the Battle of Dien Bien Phu?

A

The spring of 1954

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7
Q

What happened at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu?

A

A small French air force base at Dien Bien Phu, occupied by 10,000 French soldiers, were surrounded by 50,000 Vietminh troops.
Their runway was destroyed and French soldiers were attacked
On the 7th May 1954, the French surrendered because neither the Americans nor British would help.
They soon began to run out of food, water and medical supplies.

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8
Q

What was the peace agreement called that ended this war?

A

The Geneva Agreement

Switzerland, 1954

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9
Q

What happened as a result of the peace agreement that ended BoDBP?

A
  • Vietnam would be divided at the 17th parallel
  • Ho Chi Minh would rule the North
  • Ngo Dinh Diem would rule the South
  • France would leave
  • Vietminh out of the South
  • Citizens could chose where they wanted to live
  • Election to be held before July 1956
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10
Q

What was the line called that divided North Vietnam and South Vietnam?

A

17th parallel

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11
Q

Who became the leader of North Vietnam after the divide?

A

Ho Chi Minh

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12
Q

What kind of government did N.V. set up? Who were they supported by?

A

Communist government

They were supported by the Soviet Union and China

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13
Q

Who became the leader of South Vietnam after the divide?

A

Ngo Dinh Diem

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14
Q

What kind of government did S.V. set up? Who were they supported by?

A

“Capitalist”

They were supported by the USA

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15
Q

Why was the leader of South Vietnam such a bad leader?

A
  • He forced peasants off their land do he could give it to powerful families
  • He introduced taxes
  • Gave key government positions to his friends and family (nepotism)
  • He imprisoned (and often killed) people who opposed him
  • The Americans continued to support him
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16
Q

There was supposed to be elections in 1956 to unite North Vietnam and South Vietnam into one country again. Why did these elections not take place?

A

Diem decided to hold an election in South Vietnam in October in South Vietnam in October 1955
He arrested anyone who opposed it

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17
Q

What does NLF stand for? What was their other name?

A

National Liberation Front

Vietcong

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18
Q

What were the NLF fighting for?

A

Independence, Reuntied, and rights given back to the peasants

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19
Q

What was the Domino Theory?

A

If Vietnam fell to communism, the neighbouring Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Burma, Malaysia, Indonesia and possibly even India might fall - like a row of dominoes

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20
Q

How did US President Eisenhower increase American intervention in Vietnam?

A
  • He sent military advisers
  • Increased financial and military aid in Vietnam
  • In 1954, sent a team of CIA agents to Saigon to gather information
21
Q

How did US President Kennedy increase American intervention in Vietnam?

A
  • Increased the number of military experts in Vietnam to around 16,000
  • Approved a coup to remove Diem
  • Kept US involvement secret from the press
  • Increased financial aid to S.V.
  • Sent 300 helicopters pilots
  • Supported
22
Q

What was the Strategic Hamlet Programme?

A
23
Q

What happened to President Kennedy and when?

A
24
Q

Who replaced Kennedy as President?

A
25
Q

What was the Gulf of Tonkin Incident and Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?

A
26
Q

What does ‘Guerrilla Warfare’ mean?

A
27
Q

What kinds of tactics were used by the Vietcong? How effective were they?

A
28
Q

Describe the tactics used by the USA:

Search and Destroy

A
29
Q

Describe the tactics used by the USA:

Operation Rolling Thunder

A
30
Q

Describe the tactics used by the USA:

Chemical Weapons

A
31
Q

Describe the tactics used by the USA:

Hearts and Minds

A
32
Q

What was the My Lai Massacre? When did it happen?

A

March 16, 1968

33
Q

What was the Tet Offensive? When did it happen?

A
34
Q

Why was the Tet Offensive a victory for the US?

A
35
Q

Why was the Tet Offensive a victory for the Vietcong?

A
36
Q

As a result of the Tet Offensive, what did US President Lyndon Johnson announce?

A
37
Q

What was President Nixon’s policy of ‘Vietnamisation’?

A
38
Q

Which two countries did the US try to invade in 1970-1971? Why did they do this?

A
39
Q

What was Operation Linebacker? When did it happen?

A
40
Q

Why did the media play such an important role in the Vietnam War?

A
41
Q

When was the Kent State University protest? What happened?

A
42
Q

What was the Watergate Affair?

A
43
Q

When was the Paris Peace Agreement signed by North Vietnam, South Vietnam, and the USA?

A
44
Q

What happened as a result of the Paris Peace Agreement?

A
45
Q

When was Saigon (the capital of South Vietnam) captured by the North Vietnamese troops?

A
46
Q

How much money did the US government spend on the Vietnam War?

A
47
Q

How many US troops were killed during the Vietnam War?

A
48
Q

How many Vietnamese people were killed during the Vietnam War?

A
49
Q

What continued problems does Vietnam face as a result of the Vietnam War?

A

Whibley's Asian History (2 decks)

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