The universe

Question 1

what is the heliocentric theory

Answer 1

proposed by Copernicus based of the moons of Jupiter that the sun is the centre of our universe

Question 2

main methods of looking into space using the visible spectrum

Answer 2

naked eye
reflecting telescope
reflecting telescope
telescopes outside the atmosphere

Question 3

why do we need telescopes in out of space

Answer 3

because some parts of the EM spectrum are absorbed by our atmosphere

Question 4

what is a SETI

Answer 4

an extra terrestrial

Question 5

probes and satellites

Answer 5

satellites around the earth observe the universe without interference and absorption caused by the atmosphere
probes in the solar system allow us to look more closely at planets and moons
landers and rovers land on objects collecting images and samples

Question 6

pros of orbiters

Answer 6

simple to build and run, cheap and easier the get back or move onto other planets

Question 7

pros of landers

Answer 7

allow us to find out more about an object, can collect more samples and detailed pictures but are more complex and expensive

Question 8

life cycle of a small star

Answer 8

stellar nubula
star
red giant
planetary nebula 
white dwarf

Question 9

life cycle of a giant star

Answer 9

stellar nebula 
massive star
red supergiant
supernova
neutron star or black hole

Question 10

how is a stellar nebula formed

Answer 10

from gases and dust pulled together due to gravity its pressure and increases

Question 11

how is a red giant formed

Answer 11

when a star has fused most of its hydrogen causing it to expand and cool

Question 12

what is the Doppler effect

Answer 12

the Doppler effect occurs when there is relative movement between a source of waves and the observer

Question 13

when an object is moving towards you the waves

Answer 13

are compressed
have a shorter wavelength
have a higher frequency 
sounds appear in higher pitch
light shifts towards blue end of spectrum

Question 14

when an object is moving towards you the waves…

Answer 14

are stretched
have a longer wavelength 
have a lower frequency 
sounds appears lower pitch
light shifts towards the red end of the spectrum

Question 15

red shift explanation for the universe expanding

Answer 15

nearly all the galaxy’s are redshifted
which means the galaxies are moving away from us and eachother
the universe is expanding and started at some point

Question 16

the steady state theory

Answer 16

the universe looks the same from all directions from Earth, the universe looks the same from any view point and has always looked like this
the universe is continually getting bigger and more matter aka hydrogen is being produced HOWEVER new matter cannot be detected

Question 17

the Big Bang theory

Answer 17

the universe started from a really tiny point called singularity, it had an extremely hot temperature, don’t know what triggered it but 15 billion years ago it began to expand
as it expanded it cooled quickly
after 1 second e,p and n and after three hydrogen and helium formed
no new matter is being formed

Question 18

CMR

Answer 18

is evidence for the Big Bang theory, when the BB occurred it produced a lot of radiation, over time the EM radiation stretched to microwave wavelength

Question 19

what is the geocentric theory?

Answer 19

that the earth is the centre of the universe, it was proposed by Aristole