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Physics > The Universe > Flashcards

The Universe Flashcards

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1
Q

What is our galaxy made up of?

A

Millions of stars

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2
Q

What is the Universe made up of?

A

Billions of galaxies

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3
Q

What is a nebula?

A

A cloud of gas

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4
Q

What is our galaxy called

A

The Milky Way

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5
Q

How does gravity contribute to the formation of stars?

A

It pulls the gas in a nebula together to form a star

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6
Q

What do modern telescopes use?

A

Parts of the electromagnetic spectrum

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7
Q

What is a spectrometer used for?

A

To study spectra from light sources e.g. the Sun

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8
Q

What is detected by telescopes?

A

X-rays, Ultra Violet, microwaves, visible light

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9
Q

What do space probes do?

A

Collect data and take photos of the Solar System and send it back to Earth.

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10
Q

What do Landers and Rovers do?

A

Take photos, carry out soul, rock and atmospheric tests and send results back to Earth.

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11
Q

What is the life cycle of a Small (low mass) Star?

A

Nebula, Protostar, Main sequence, Red Giant, Shell of Gas, White Dwarf, Black Dwarf

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12
Q

What is the life cycle of a big (high mass) Star?

A

Nebula, Protostar, Main sequence, Red supergiant, neutro star or black hole.

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13
Q

What are two theories for the Universe?

A

The Steady State, The Big Bang

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14
Q

What is the Big Bang theory?

A

Says that 13.5 billion years ago the Universe and all the matter started out as a tiny point of energy, the Universe expanded from this point and it still expanding today.

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15
Q

The Steady State

A
  • Universe has always existed

- The Universe in expanding

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16
Q

What supports both the Steady State and the Big Bang?

A

Red Shift

17
Q

What is Red Shift?

A

Black lines on the spectra of distance stars are shifted towards the red end of the spectrum.

18
Q

What else supports the Big Bang theory?

A

The discovery of CMB

19
Q

What is fusion?

A

The nuclear reaction that happens in stars.Hydrogen is turned into helium in this reaction

20
Q

What does SETI stand for?

A

The Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence

21
Q

What do they do?

A
  • Analyse radio waves from space

- Look for signals possibly produced by intelligent life.

22
Q

What are two theories of the Solar System?

A

Heliocentric, Geocentric.

23
Q

What is Heliocentric?

A

The sun is at the center of the Solar System

24
Q

What is Geocentric?

A

Earth is at the center of the Solar System

25
Q

How do scientists observe without a telescope?

A

Naked eye

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